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Neurooncol Adv
Neurooncol Adv
noa
Neuro-Oncology Advances
2632-2498
Oxford University Press US

10.1093/noajnl/vdae090.112
vdae090.112
Final Category: Research Methods and Trial Design Considerations
AcademicSubjects/MED00300
AcademicSubjects/MED00310
RMTD-05 UNRAVELLING THE LANDSCAPE OF BRAIN METASTASES ACROSS PRIMARY CANCER TYPES: A PAN-CANCER STUDY UTILIZING THE SEER DATABASE
Dimou James Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, Australia
Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia

Stylli Stan Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, Australia
Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia

McCoy Patrick Department of Urology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia

Campbell Bethany Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, Australia

Corcoran Niall Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, Australia
Department of Urology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia

Saunders Christobel Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, Australia

Drummond Kate Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, Australia
Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville VIC, Australia

Hovens Christopher Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville VIC, Australia

8 2024
02 8 2024
02 8 2024
6 Suppl 1 2024 SNO/ASCO CNS Metastases Conference i34i34
© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press, the Society for Neuro-Oncology and the European Association of Neuro-Oncology.
2024
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Brain metastases pose a formidable challenge in oncology. While certain cancers like lung, breast, and melanoma are known to commonly metastasize to the brain, comprehensive studies spanning cancer types that uncommonly or rarely spread to the brain are limited.

METHODS

This study employs data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to examine incidence, prevalence, and clinical characteristics of brain metastases across nearly all cancers. We conducted a detailed review of SEER-derived patient data, focusing on brain metastases. Statistical analyses, including Kaplan-Meier plots and Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon tests, were utilized to compare survival rates and clinical features between cancer types, integrating additional features such as staging. (i.e., T and N grades)

RESULTS

Lung cancer is the most common primary source of brain metastases. (~80.5% of cases) Furthermore, cancers traditionally associated with brain metastasis—lung, melanoma, breast, renal, and colorectal—comprise 93% of all brain metastasis cases in SEER. Further analysis showed that brain metastasis patients had worse five-year survival than patients who developed metastasis elsewhere, and those patients with high grade glioma. Recent advancements in treatment have improved survival rates for patients diagnosed with brain metastases between 2015-2019, compared to those diagnosed during 2010-2014. This improvement appears to be driven disproportionately by cancers commonly associated with brain metastasis. Moreover, it can be revealed that there are notable differences in T/N grades and clinical features of the cancers that uncommonly or rarely spread to the brain, compared to those that commonly do so.

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests that the pattern of brain metastasis formation may differ between those primary malignancies that commonly, and uncommonly or rarely spread metastatically, highlighting the deficit of our clinical and scientific understanding of this pernicious cancer phenomenon, as well as the need to develop novel, innovative treatment paradigms for patients with brain metastases.
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