
==== Front
Wellcome Open Res
Wellcome Open Res
Wellcome Open Research
2398-502X
F1000 Research Limited London, UK

10.12688/wellcomeopenres.19737.1
Data Note
Articles
The genome sequence of the Four-dotted Obscure, Oegoconia quadripuncta (Haworth 1829)
[version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

Broad Gavin R. Investigation Resources Writing – Original Draft Preparation Writing – Review & Editing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-5333
1
Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab
Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective
Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme
Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective
Tree of Life Core Informatics collective
Darwin Tree of Life Consortiuma
1 Natural History Museum, London, England, UK
a mark.blaxter@sanger.ac.uk
No competing interests were disclosed.

26 7 2023
2023
8 32811 7 2023
Copyright: © 2023 Broad GR et al.
2023
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Oegoconia quadripuncta (the Four-dotted Obscure; Arthropoda; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Autostichidae). The genome sequence is 622.6 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 20 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 15.39 kilobases in length.

Oegoconia quadripuncta
Four-dotted Obscure
genome sequence
chromosomal
Lepidoptera
Wellcome Trust206194 Wellcome Trust218328 This work was supported by Wellcome through core funding to the Wellcome Sanger Institute (206194) and the Darwin Tree of Life Discretionary Award (218328). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
==== Body
pmcSpecies taxonomy

Eukaryota; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Protostomia; Ecdysozoa; Panarthropoda; Arthropoda; Mandibulata; Pancrustacea; Hexapoda; Insecta; Dicondylia; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Amphiesmenoptera; Lepidoptera; Glossata; Neolepidoptera; Heteroneura; Ditrysia; Gelechioidea; Autostichidae; Symmocinae; Oegoconia; Oegoconia quadripuncta (Haworth 1829) (NCBI:txid347754).

Background

Oegoconia quadripuncta, which has fairly recently been given the name ‘Four-dotted Obscure’, is one of only three native species of the family Autostichidae in Britain. Specimens of the genus Oegoconia are distinctive little moths, dark brown with usually three pale yellow stripes across the fore wings, which are held very flat. In Britain and Ireland these were all referred to as Oegoconia quadripuncta until Goddard (1966) recognised O. deauratella as occurring here, and then Agassiz (1982) demonstrated that O. caradjai Popescu-Gorj & Capuse was another previously overlooked resident. All three species are externally very similar and only reliably identified by examination of their genitalia. Genitalia are well illustrated by Sterling et al. (2012) and in resources such as the mothdissection.co.uk website. The sequenced specimen, a male, was identified from the dissected genitalia, particularly the shape of the saccus, confirmed by the COI barcode.

Adults of O. quadripuncta are frequent in light traps in the summer, found throughout much of England and Wales but only recorded locally in Ireland and not in Scotland ( Sterling et al., 2012). Larvae feed on decaying leaves in the litter layer, often below trees and hedgerows, as do the larvae of O. caradjai Popescu-Gorj & Capuse and, it is presumed, O. deauratella. In Britain, O. quadripuncta is invariably described as the most frequently collected species of Oegoconia and is the only one of the three which the first author has found at a couple of regularly sampled sites, but in Belgium it seems that O. caradjai Popescu-Gorj & Capuse is the most common and O. quadripuncta rarely found ( De Prins, 2005).

Autostichidae are part of the species-rich superfamily Gelechioidea ( Wang & Li, 2020), for which very few genome assemblies are currently available, with no previous Autostichidae genome. The fourth species on the British list, Symmoca signatella Herrich-Schäffer, is very different in appearance and probably an occasional accidental import. Interestingly, there are no reports of parasitoid wasps attacking Oegoconia, or any Autostichidae, although some must do so.

Genome sequence report

The genome was sequenced from one male Oegoconia quadripuncta ( Figure 1) collected from Tonbridge, Kent (51.19, 0.29). A total of 46-fold coverage in Pacific Biosciences single-molecule HiFi long reads was generated. Primary assembly contigs were scaffolded with chromosome conformation Hi-C data. Manual assembly curation corrected 25 missing joins or misjoins and removed 10 haplotypic duplications, reducing the assembly length by 0.35% and the scaffold number by 4.26%.

Figure 1. Photograph of the Oegoconia quadripuncta (ilOegQuad1) specimen used for genome sequencing.

A. Dorsal view, B. Ventral view.

The final assembly has a total length of 622.6 Mb in 44 sequence scaffolds with a scaffold N50 of 36.2 Mb ( Table 1). Most (99.75%) of the assembly sequence was assigned to 20 chromosomal-level scaffolds, representing 19 autosomes and the Z sex chromosome. Chromosome-scale scaffolds confirmed by the Hi-C data are named in order of size ( Figure 2– Figure 5; Table 2). While not fully phased, the assembly deposited is of one haplotype. Contigs corresponding to the second haplotype have also been deposited. The mitochondrial genome was also assembled and can be found as a contig within the multifasta file of the genome submission.

Table 1. Genome data for Oegoconia quadripuncta, ilOegQuad1.1.

Project accession data	
Assembly identifier	ilOegQuad1.1	
Species	Oegoconia quadripuncta	
Specimen	ilOegQuad1	
NCBI taxonomy ID	347754	
BioProject	PRJEB59195	
BioSample ID	SAMEA111458706	
Isolate information	ilOegQuad1, male: whole organism (DNA sequencing
and Hi-C scaffolding)	
Assembly metrics *	Benchmark	
Consensus quality (QV)	62.5	≥ 50	
k-mer completeness	100%	≥ 95%	
BUSCO **	C:98.4%[S:98.0%,D:0.4%],F:0.5%,M:1.1%,n:5,286	C ≥ 95%	
Percentage of assembly
mapped to chromosomes	99.75%	≥ 95%	
Sex chromosomes	Z chromosome	localised homologous pairs	
Organelles	Mitochondrial genome
assembled	complete single alleles	
Raw data accessions	
PacificBiosciences SEQUEL II	ERR10812851	
Hi-C Illumina	ERR10818304	
Genome assembly	
Assembly accession	GCA_949316235.1	
Accession of alternate
haplotype	GCA_949316225.1	
Span (Mb)	622.6	
Number of contigs	177	
Contig N50 length (Mb)	6.7	
Number of scaffolds	44	
Scaffold N50 length (Mb)	36.2	
Longest scaffold (Mb)	50.2	
* Assembly metric benchmarks are adapted from column VGP-2020 of “Table 1: Proposed standards and metrics for defining genome assembly quality” from ( Rhie et al., 2021).

** BUSCO scores based on the lepidoptera_odb10 BUSCO set using v5.3.2. C = complete [S = single copy, D = duplicated], F = fragmented, M = missing, n = number of orthologues in comparison. A full set of BUSCO scores is available at https://blobtoolkit.genomehubs.org/view/ilOegQuad1.1/dataset/CASGFV01/busco.

Figure 2. Genome assembly of Oegoconia quadripuncta, ilOegQuad1.1: metrics.

The BlobToolKit Snailplot shows N50 metrics and BUSCO gene completeness. The main plot is divided into 1,000 size-ordered bins around the circumference with each bin representing 0.1% of the 622,656,778 bp assembly. The distribution of scaffold lengths is shown in dark grey with the plot radius scaled to the longest scaffold present in the assembly (50,213,132 bp, shown in red). Orange and pale-orange arcs show the N50 and N90 scaffold lengths (36,190,098 and 20,651,493 bp), respectively. The pale grey spiral shows the cumulative scaffold count on a log scale with white scale lines showing successive orders of magnitude. The blue and pale-blue area around the outside of the plot shows the distribution of GC, AT and N percentages in the same bins as the inner plot. A summary of complete, fragmented, duplicated and missing BUSCO genes in the lepidoptera_odb10 set is shown in the top right. An interactive version of this figure is available at https://blobtoolkit.genomehubs.org/view/ilOegQuad1.1/dataset/CASGFV01/snail.

Figure 3. Genome assembly of Oegoconia quadripuncta, ilOegQuad1.1: BlobToolKit GC-coverage plot.

Scaffolds are coloured by phylum. Circles are sized in proportion to scaffold length. Histograms show the distribution of scaffold length sum along each axis. An interactive version of this figure is available at https://blobtoolkit.genomehubs.org/view/ilOegQuad1.1/dataset/CASGFV01/blob.

Figure 4. Genome assembly of Oegoconia quadripuncta, ilOegQuad1.1: BlobToolKit cumulative sequence plot.

The grey line shows cumulative length for all scaffolds. Coloured lines show cumulative lengths of scaffolds assigned to each phylum using the buscogenes taxrule. An interactive version of this figure is available at https://blobtoolkit.genomehubs.org/view/ilOegQuad1.1/dataset/CASGFV01/cumulative.

Figure 5. Genome assembly of Oegoconia quadripuncta, ilOegQuad1.1: Hi-C contact map of the ilOegQuad1.1 assembly, visualised using HiGlass.

Chromosomes are shown in order of size from left to right and top to bottom. An interactive version of this figure may be viewed at https://genome-note-higlass.tol.sanger.ac.uk/l/?d=WvXNmCQqSuiNwWWPD2TKSg.

Table 2. Chromosomal pseudomolecules in the genome assembly of Oegoconia quadripuncta, ilOegQuad1.

INSDC accession	Chromosome	Length (Mb)	GC%	
OX438741.1	1	50.21	37.0	
OX438743.1	2	43.64	37.0	
OX438744.1	3	41.32	37.0	
OX438745.1	4	39.03	37.0	
OX438746.1	5	38.66	37.0	
OX438747.1	6	36.36	37.0	
OX438748.1	7	36.19	37.0	
OX438749.1	8	33.42	37.0	
OX438750.1	9	31.67	37.5	
OX438751.1	10	26.73	37.0	
OX438752.1	11	25.63	37.0	
OX438753.1	12	24.4	36.5	
OX438754.1	13	22.74	36.5	
OX438755.1	14	22.2	37.0	
OX438756.1	15	21.93	37.0	
OX438757.1	16	20.65	37.0	
OX438758.1	17	20.61	37.0	
OX438759.1	18	20.38	37.5	
OX438760.1	19	18.16	37.5	
OX438742.1	Z	47.17	36.0	
OX438761.1	MT	0.02	25.5	

The estimated Quality Value (QV) of the final assembly is 62.5 with k-mer completeness of 100%, and the assembly has a BUSCO v5.3.2 completeness of 98.4% (single = 98.0%, duplicated = 0.4%), using the lepidoptera_odb10 reference set ( n = 5,286).

Metadata for specimens, spectral estimates, sequencing runs, contaminants and pre-curation assembly statistics can be found at https://links.tol.sanger.ac.uk/species/347754.

Methods

Sample acquisition and nucleic acid extraction

A male Oegoconia quadripuncta (specimen ID NHMUK014425720, ToLID ilOegQuad1) was collected using a light trap from a garden in Tonbridge, Kent, UK (latitude 51.19, longitude 0.29) on 2021-08-05. The specimen was collected and identified by Gavin Broad (Natural History Museum) and dry-frozen at –80°C.

The sample was prepared for DNA extraction at the Tree of Life laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute (WSI). The ilOegQuad1 sample was weighed and dissected on dry ice with tissue set aside for Hi-C sequencing. Tissue from the whole organism was disrupted using a Nippi Powermasher fitted with a BioMasher pestle. DNA was extracted at the WSI Scientific Operations core using the Qiagen MagAttract HMW DNA kit, according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Sequencing

Pacific Biosciences HiFi circular consensus DNA sequencing libraries were constructed according to the manufacturers’ instructions. DNA sequencing was performed by the Scientific Operations core at the WSI on a Pacific Biosciences SEQUEL II (HiFi) instrument. Hi-C data were also generated from tissue of ilOegQuad1 using the Arima2 kit and sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 instrument.

Genome assembly, curation and evaluation

Assembly was carried out with Hifiasm ( Cheng et al., 2021) and haplotypic duplication was identified and removed with purge_dups ( Guan et al., 2020). The assembly was then scaffolded with Hi-C data ( Rao et al., 2014) using YaHS ( Zhou et al., 2023). The assembly was checked for contamination and corrected using the gEVAL system ( Chow et al., 2016) as described previously ( Howe et al., 2021). Manual curation was performed using gEVAL, HiGlass ( Kerpedjiev et al., 2018) and Pretext ( Harry, 2022). The mitochondrial genome was assembled using MitoHiFi ( Uliano-Silva et al., 2022), which runs MitoFinder ( Allio et al., 2020) or MITOS ( Bernt et al., 2013) and uses these annotations to select the final mitochondrial contig and to ensure the general quality of the sequence.

A Hi-C map for the final assembly was produced using bwa-mem2 ( Vasimuddin et al., 2019) in the Cooler file format ( Abdennur & Mirny, 2020). To assess the assembly metrics, the k-mer completeness and QV consensus quality values were calculated in Merqury ( Rhie et al., 2020). This work was done using Nextflow ( Di Tommaso et al., 2017) DSL2 pipelines “sanger-tol/readmapping” ( Surana et al., 2023a) and “sanger-tol/genomenote” ( Surana et al., 2023b). The genome was analysed within the BlobToolKit environment ( Challis et al., 2020) and BUSCO scores ( Manni et al., 2021; Simão et al., 2015) were calculated.

Table 3 contains a list of relevant software tool versions and sources.

Table 3. Software tools: versions and sources.

Software
tool	Version	Source	
BlobToolKit	4.1.5	https://github.com/blobtoolkit/blobtoolkit	
BUSCO	5.3.2	https://gitlab.com/ezlab/busco	
gEVAL	-	https://geval.org.uk/	
Hifiasm	0.16.1-r375	https://github.com/chhylp123/hifiasm	
HiGlass	1.11.6	https://github.com/higlass/higlass	
Merqury	MerquryFK	https://github.com/thegenemyers/MERQURY.FK	
MitoHiFi	2	https://github.com/marcelauliano/MitoHiFi	
PretextView	0.2	https://github.com/wtsi-hpag/PretextView	
purge_dups	1.2.3	https://github.com/dfguan/purge_dups	
sanger-tol/
genomenote	v1.0	https://github.com/sanger-tol/genomenote	
sanger-tol/
readmapping	1.1.0	https://github.com/sanger-tol/readmapping/tree/1.1.0	
YaHS	1.2a	https://github.com/c-zhou/yahs	

Wellcome Sanger Institute – Legal and Governance

The materials that have contributed to this genome note have been supplied by a Darwin Tree of Life Partner. The submission of materials by a Darwin Tree of Life Partner is subject to the ‘Darwin Tree of Life Project Sampling Code of Practice’, which can be found in full on the Darwin Tree of Life website here. By agreeing with and signing up to the Sampling Code of Practice, the Darwin Tree of Life Partner agrees they will meet the legal and ethical requirements and standards set out within this document in respect of all samples acquired for, and supplied to, the Darwin Tree of Life Project.

Further, the Wellcome Sanger Institute employs a process whereby due diligence is carried out proportionate to the nature of the materials themselves, and the circumstances under which they have been/are to be collected and provided for use. The purpose of this is to address and mitigate any potential legal and/or ethical implications of receipt and use of the materials as part of the research project, and to ensure that in doing so we align with best practice wherever possible. The overarching areas of consideration are:

•   Ethical review of provenance and sourcing of the material

•   Legality of collection, transfer and use (national and international)

Each transfer of samples is further undertaken according to a Research Collaboration Agreement or Material Transfer Agreement entered into by the Darwin Tree of Life Partner, Genome Research Limited (operating as the Wellcome Sanger Institute), and in some circumstances other Darwin Tree of Life collaborators.

Data availability

European Nucleotide Archive: Oegoconia quadripuncta. Accession number PRJEB59195; https://identifiers.org/ena.embl/PRJEB59195. ( Wellcome Sanger Institute, 2023)

The genome sequence is released openly for reuse. The Oegoconia quadripuncta genome sequencing initiative is part of the Darwin Tree of Life (DToL) project. All raw sequence data and the assembly have been deposited in INSDC databases. The genome will be annotated using available RNA-Seq data and presented through the Ensembl pipeline at the European Bioinformatics Institute. Raw data and assembly accession identifiers are reported in Table 1.

Author information

Members of the Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab are listed here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790042.

Members of the Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective are listed here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4893703.

Members of the Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life programme are listed here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4783585.

Members of Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: DNA Pipelines collective are listed here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4790455.

Members of the Tree of Life Core Informatics collective are listed here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5013541.

Members of the Darwin Tree of Life Consortium are listed here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4783558.

10.21956/wellcomeopenres.21861.r96658
Reviewer response for version 1
Wulff Juan 1Referee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5773-4684

1 North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
2 9 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Wulff J
2024
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Version 1recommendationapprove
“The sequenced specimen, a male, was identified from the dissected genitalia, particularly the shape of the saccus, confirmed by the COI barcode” Please move this to Methods section.

First time other species are mentioned in the manuscript, e.g. O. quadripuncta, the complete species’ name should be given.

For future reports, using a scale bar in the pictures could be useful to see the actual specimens’ size.

It may be useful for future studies if the DNA of bacteria and other microorganisms is provided separately from the genome assembly but all together with an associated ID within the same Bioproject.

Gene annotation should be improved in future studies.

Are sufficient details of methods and materials provided to allow replication by others?

Yes

Is the rationale for creating the dataset(s) clearly described?

Yes

Are the datasets clearly presented in a useable and accessible format?

Yes

Are the protocols appropriate and is the work technically sound?

Yes

Reviewer Expertise:

Entomology, Molecular biology and Genetics

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

10.21956/wellcomeopenres.21861.r89670
Reviewer response for version 1
Bruzzese Daniel 1Referee https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3115-6599

1 Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
21 8 2024 Copyright: © 2024 Bruzzese D
2024
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Version 1recommendationapprove
The authors present the 622 Mb genome assembly of Oegoconia quadripuncta. The genome is of excellent near-chromosomal quality and is mostly localized on 20 chromosomes. This assembly is an important contribution as there are currently very few genomes from the diverse and understudied Gelechoidea.

I have no major comments and I believe this paper and dataset are ready for indexing.

My only minor comment would be to provide some clarification to the background section. In the third paragraph please clarify that Symmoca signatella is probably non-native. I was surprised that suddenly a fourth moth appeared when I was only expecting three.

Are sufficient details of methods and materials provided to allow replication by others?

Yes

Is the rationale for creating the dataset(s) clearly described?

Yes

Are the datasets clearly presented in a useable and accessible format?

Yes

Are the protocols appropriate and is the work technically sound?

Yes

Reviewer Expertise:

Evolutionary biology, genomics, phylogenomics, symbiosis, Rhagoletis, tsetse flies, and trypanosomes.

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed.
==== Refs
Abdennur N Mirny LA : Cooler: Scalable storage for Hi-C data and other genomically labeled arrays. Bioinformatics. 2020;36 (1 ):311–316. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btz540 31290943
Agassiz DJL : Oegoconia caradjai Popescu-Gorj & Căpuşe (Lep: Gelechiidae) recognised as British. Proceedings and Transactions of the British Entomological and Natural History Society. 1982;15 :1–15
Allio R Schomaker-Bastos A Romiguier J : MitoFinder: Efficient automated large-scale extraction of mitogenomic data in target enrichment phylogenomics. Mol Ecol Resour. 2020;20 (4 ):892–905. 10.1111/1755-0998.13160 32243090
Bernt M Donath A Jühling F : MITOS: Improved de novo metazoan mitochondrial genome annotation. Mol Phylogenet Evol. 2013;69 (2 ):313–319. 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.08.023 22982435
Challis R Richards E Rajan J : BlobToolKit – interactive quality assessment of genome assemblies. G3 (Bethesda) 2020;10 (4 ):1361–1374. 10.1534/g3.119.400908 32071071
Cheng H Concepcion GT Feng X : Haplotype-resolved de novo assembly using phased assembly graphs with hifiasm. Nat Methods. 2021;18 (2 ):170–175. 10.1038/s41592-020-01056-5 33526886
Chow W Brugger K Caccamo M : gEVAL — a web-based browser for evaluating genome assemblies. Bioinformatics. 2016;32 (16 ):2508–2510. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw159 27153597
De Prins W : Oegoconia caradjai a new species for the Belgian fauna (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae). Phegea. 2005;33 :9–12. Reference Source
Di Tommaso P Chatzou M Floden EW : Nextflow enables reproducible computational workflows. Nat Biotechnol. 2017;35 (4 ):316–319. 10.1038/nbt.3820 28398311
Goddard PA : On the occurrence [of] Oegoconia deauratella H.-S. (Lep., Symmocidae) in the British Isles. Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation. 1966;78 :243–245
Guan D McCarthy SA Wood J : Identifying and removing haplotypic duplication in primary genome assemblies. Bioinformatics. 2020;36 (9 ):2896–2898. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa025 31971576
Harry E : PretextView (Paired REad TEXTure Viewer): A desktop application for viewing pretext contact maps.2022; [Accessed 19 October 2022] Reference Source
Howe K Chow W Collins J : Significantly improving the quality of genome assemblies through curation. GigaScience. Oxford University Press,2021;10 (1 ): giaa153. 10.1093/gigascience/giaa153 33420778
Kerpedjiev P Abdennur N Lekschas F : HiGlass: web-based visual exploration and analysis of genome interaction maps. Genome Biol. 2018;19 (1 ): 125. 10.1186/s13059-018-1486-1 30143029
Manni M Berkeley MR Seppey M : BUSCO update: Novel and streamlined workflows along with broader and deeper phylogenetic coverage for scoring of eukaryotic, prokaryotic, and viral genomes. Mol Biol Evol. 2021;38 (10 ):4647–4654. 10.1093/molbev/msab199 34320186
Rao SSP Huntley MH Durand NC : A 3D map of the human genome at kilobase resolution reveals principles of chromatin looping. Cell. 2014;159 (7 ):1665–80. 10.1016/j.cell.2014.11.021 25497547
Rhie A McCarthy SA Fedrigo O : Towards complete and error-free genome assemblies of all vertebrate species. Nature. 2021;592 (7856 ):737–746. 10.1038/s41586-021-03451-0 33911273
Rhie A Walenz BP Koren S : Merqury: Reference-free quality, completeness, and phasing assessment for genome assemblies. Genome Biol. 2020;21 (1 ): 245. 10.1186/s13059-020-02134-9 32928274
Simão FA Waterhouse RM Ioannidis P : BUSCO: assessing genome assembly and annotation completeness with single-copy orthologs. Bioinformatics. 2015;31 (19 ):3210–2. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv351 26059717
Sterling P Parsons M Lewington R : Field Guide to the Micro Moths of Great Britain and Ireland.Gillingham, Dorset: British Wildlife Publishing,2012.
Surana P Muffato M Qi G : sanger-tol/readmapping: sanger-tol/readmapping v1.1.0 - Hebridean Black (1.1.0). Zenodo. 2023a. 10.5281/zenodo.7755665
Surana P Muffato M Sadasivan Baby C : sanger-tol/genomenote v1.0.dev (v1.0.dev). Zenodo. 2023b; [Accessed 17 April 2023]. 10.5281/zenodo.6785935
Uliano-Silva M Ferreira GJRN Krasheninnikova K : MitoHiFi: a python pipeline for mitochondrial genome assembly from PacBio High Fidelity reads. BioRxiv. 2022. 10.1101/2022.12.23.521667
Vasimuddin Md Misra S Li H : Efficient Architecture-Aware Acceleration of BWA-MEM for Multicore Systems. In: 2019 IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium (IPDPS). IEEE:2019;314–324. 10.1109/IPDPS.2019.00041
Wang QY Li HH : Phylogeny of the superfamily Gelechioidea (Lepidoptera: Obtectomera), with an exploratory application on geometric morphometrics. Zool Scr. 2020;49 (3 ):307–328. 10.1111/zsc.12407
Wellcome Sanger Institute: The genome sequence of the Four-dotted Obscure, Oegoconia quadripuncta (Haworth 1829). European Nucleotide Archive. [dataset], accession number PRJEB59195,2023.
Zhou C McCarthy SA Durbin R : YaHS: yet another Hi-C scaffolding tool. Bioinformatics. 2023;39 (1 ): btac808. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btac808 36525368
