PMID- 10648798
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000328
LR  - 20190501
IS  - 1362-4962 (Electronic)
IS  - 0305-1048 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 4
DP  - 2000 Feb 15
TI  - AP-2 family members regulate basal and cAMP-induced expression of human chorionic
      gonadotropin.
PG  - 1036-43
AB  - The AP-2 family of transcriptional regulator proteins has three members, alpha,
      beta and gamma. AP-2alpha and gamma are expressed in placenta and in the human
      trophoblast cell line JEG-3. AP-2 has been shown to regulate expression of the
      placental human chorionic gonado-tropin (hCG) alpha- and beta-subunit genes,
      however, previous work did not distinguish between the family members. Tryptic
      peptides of the AP-2 protein complexes purified from JEG-3 cells by
      oligo-affinity chromatography using the hCGalpha AP-2 site match the amino acid
      sequence of AP-2gamma. The fact that AP-2gamma is present at significant levels
      and binds the hCGalpha trophoblast-specific element suggests that AP-2gamma is at
      least part of the binding complex in vivo and plays a role in regulating hCG
      expression. We show that mutation of each of four AP-2 binding sites within the
      hCGbeta promoter decreases expression in transfection assays, demonstrating that 
      all four sites are required for maximal expression in JEG-3 cells. Furthermore,
      we find differences in regulation of the family members: AP-2alpha mRNA levels
      increase in response to cAMP while AP-2gamma mRNA levels do not. The demonstrated
      importance of the AP-2 sites in controlling hCGalpha and beta expression and the 
      likely involvement of more than one family member suggest that a balance in AP-2 
      proteins is involved in coordinate regulation of these genes. Moreover, many
      placenta-restricted genes are regulated by AP-2 proteins, thus members of this
      family may play an important overall role in placenta-specific expression.
FAU - LiCalsi, C
AU  - LiCalsi C
AD  - The Departments of Reproductive Medicine and Neurosciences and the Center for the
      Study of Reproductive Biology and Disease, University of California at San Diego,
      La Jolla, CA 92093-0674, USA.
FAU - Christophe, S
AU  - Christophe S
FAU - Steger, D J
AU  - Steger DJ
FAU - Buescher, M
AU  - Buescher M
FAU - Fischer, W
AU  - Fischer W
FAU - Mellon, P L
AU  - Mellon PL
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HD020377/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - HD20377/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R37 HD020377/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P50 HD012303/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54 HD012303/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - England
TA  - Nucleic Acids Res
JT  - Nucleic acids research
JID - 0411011
RN  - 0 (Chorionic Gonadotropin)
RN  - 0 (DNA Primers)
RN  - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins)
RN  - 0 (TFAP2A protein, human)
RN  - 0 (TFAP2C protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factor AP-2)
RN  - 0 (Transcription Factors)
RN  - E0399OZS9N (Cyclic AMP)
SB  - IM
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Chorionic Gonadotropin/*genetics
MH  - Cyclic AMP/*physiology
MH  - DNA Primers
MH  - DNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*physiology
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/*physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Peptide Mapping
MH  - Placenta/metabolism
MH  - Transcription Factor AP-2
MH  - Transcription Factors/chemistry/*physiology
MH  - Tumor Cells, Cultured
PMC - PMC102581
EDAT- 2000/01/29 00:00
MHDA- 2000/04/01 00:00
CRDT- 2000/01/29 00:00
PHST- 2000/01/29 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/04/01 00:00 [medline]
PHST- 2000/01/29 00:00 [entrez]
AID - gkd198 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/nar/28.4.1036 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nucleic Acids Res. 2000 Feb 15;28(4):1036-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/28.4.1036.