PMID- 10604470
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20000104
LR  - 20181130
IS  - 0028-0836 (Print)
IS  - 0028-0836 (Linking)
VI  - 402
IP  - 6762
DP  - 1999 Dec 9
TI  - Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach.
PG  - 656-60
AB  - Small synthetic molecules called growth-hormone secretagogues (GHSs) stimulate
      the release of growth hormone (GH) from the pituitary. They act through GHS-R, a 
      G-protein-coupled receptor for which the ligand is unknown. Recent cloning of
      GHS-R strongly suggests that an endogenous ligand for the receptor does exist and
      that there is a mechanism for regulating GH release that is distinct from its
      regulation by hypothalamic growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH). We now report
      the purification and identification in rat stomach of an endogenous ligand
      specific for GHS-R. The purified ligand is a peptide of 28 amino acids, in which 
      the serine 3 residue is n-octanoylated. The acylated peptide specifically
      releases GH both in vivo and in vitro, and O-n-octanoylation at serine 3 is
      essential for the activity. We designate the GH-releasing peptide 'ghrelin' (ghre
      is the Proto-Indo-European root of the word 'grow'). Human ghrelin is homologous 
      to rat ghrelin apart from two amino acids. The occurrence of ghrelin in both rat 
      and human indicates that GH release from the pituitary may be regulated not only 
      by hypothalamic GHRH, but also by ghrelin.
FAU - Kojima, M
AU  - Kojima M
AD  - Department of Biochemistry, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute,
      Suita, Osaka, Japan.
FAU - Hosoda, H
AU  - Hosoda H
FAU - Date, Y
AU  - Date Y
FAU - Nakazato, M
AU  - Nakazato M
FAU - Matsuo, H
AU  - Matsuo H
FAU - Kangawa, K
AU  - Kangawa K
LA  - eng
SI  - GENBANK/AB029433
SI  - GENBANK/AB029434
SI  - GENBANK/AI549172
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - England
TA  - Nature
JT  - Nature
JID - 0410462
RN  - 0 (Ghrelin)
RN  - 0 (Peptide Hormones)
RN  - 0 (Peptides)
RN  - 0 (Pituitary Hormones)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Cell Surface)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Ghrelin)
RN  - 452VLY9402 (Serine)
RN  - 9002-72-6 (Growth Hormone)
RN  - SY7Q814VUP (Calcium)
SB  - IM
MH  - Acylation
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Animals
MH  - Calcium/metabolism
MH  - Cloning, Molecular
MH  - Gastric Mucosa/*metabolism
MH  - Ghrelin
MH  - Growth Hormone/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - *Peptide Hormones
MH  - Peptides/chemistry/genetics/*isolation & purification/metabolism
MH  - Pituitary Gland/metabolism
MH  - Pituitary Hormones/metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Rats, Sprague-Dawley
MH  - Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
MH  - *Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
MH  - Receptors, Ghrelin
MH  - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
MH  - Serine/metabolism
EDAT- 1999/12/22 09:00
MHDA- 2001/03/23 10:01
CRDT- 1999/12/22 09:00
PHST- 1999/12/22 09:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2001/03/23 10:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/12/22 09:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1038/45230 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Nature. 1999 Dec 9;402(6762):656-60. doi: 10.1038/45230.