PMID- 10579713
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19991230
LR  - 20190508
IS  - 0021-9525 (Print)
IS  - 0021-9525 (Linking)
VI  - 147
IP  - 5
DP  - 1999 Nov 29
TI  - Human ECT2 is an exchange factor for Rho GTPases, phosphorylated in G2/M phases, 
      and involved in cytokinesis.
PG  - 921-8
AB  - Animal cells divide into two daughter cells by the formation of an
      actomyosin-based contractile ring through a process called cytokinesis. Although 
      many of the structural elements of cytokinesis have been identified, little is
      known about the signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms underlying this
      process. Here we show that the human ECT2 is involved in the regulation of
      cytokinesis. ECT2 catalyzes guanine nucleotide exchange on the small GTPases,
      RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42. ECT2 is phosphorylated during G2 and M phases, and
      phosphorylation is required for its exchange activity. Unlike other known guanine
      nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases, ECT2 exhibits nuclear localization
      in interphase, spreads throughout the cytoplasm in prometaphase, and is condensed
      in the midbody during cytokinesis. Expression of an ECT2 derivative, containing
      the NH(2)-terminal domain required for the midbody localization but lacking the
      COOH-terminal catalytic domain, strongly inhibits cytokinesis. Moreover,
      microinjection of affinity-purified anti-ECT2 antibody into interphase cells also
      inhibits cytokinesis. These results suggest that ECT2 is an important link
      between the cell cycle machinery and Rho signaling pathways involved in the
      regulation of cell division.
FAU - Tatsumoto, T
AU  - Tatsumoto T
AD  - Molecular Tumor Biology Section, Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer
      Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4255, USA.
FAU - Xie, X
AU  - Xie X
FAU - Blumenthal, R
AU  - Blumenthal R
FAU - Okamoto, I
AU  - Okamoto I
FAU - Miki, T
AU  - Miki T
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - J Cell Biol
JT  - The Journal of cell biology
JID - 0375356
RN  - 0 (Antibodies)
RN  - 0 (ECT2 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Growth Inhibitors)
RN  - 0 (Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors)
RN  - 0 (Proto-Oncogene Proteins)
RN  - EC 3.6.5.2 (cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein)
RN  - EC 3.6.5.2 (rac1 GTP-Binding Protein)
RN  - EC 3.6.5.2 (rho GTP-Binding Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antibodies/pharmacology
MH  - Antibody Specificity
MH  - Cell Division/immunology
MH  - Epithelial Cells/*cytology/*enzymology/metabolism
MH  - G2 Phase/*physiology
MH  - Growth Inhibitors/biosynthesis
MH  - Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors/*metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Microinjections
MH  - Mitosis/*physiology
MH  - Protein Structure, Tertiary
MH  - Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis/immunology/*metabolism
MH  - Spindle Apparatus/metabolism
MH  - cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
MH  - rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/metabolism
MH  - rho GTP-Binding Proteins/*metabolism
PMC - PMC2169345
EDAT- 1999/12/01 00:00
MHDA- 1999/12/01 00:01
CRDT- 1999/12/01 00:00
PHST- 1999/12/01 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/12/01 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/12/01 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1083/jcb.147.5.921 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Cell Biol. 1999 Nov 29;147(5):921-8. doi: 10.1083/jcb.147.5.921.