PMID- 10557334
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19991213
LR  - 20190501
IS  - 0027-8424 (Print)
IS  - 0027-8424 (Linking)
VI  - 96
IP  - 23
DP  - 1999 Nov 9
TI  - Serine racemase: a glial enzyme synthesizing D-serine to regulate
      glutamate-N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission.
PG  - 13409-14
AB  - Although D amino acids are prominent in bacteria, they generally are thought not 
      to occur in mammals. Recently, high levels of D-serine have been found in
      mammalian brain where it activates glutamate/N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by
      interacting with the "glycine site" of the receptor. Because amino acid racemases
      are thought to be restricted to bacteria and insects, the origin of D-serine in
      mammals has been puzzling. We now report cloning and expression of serine
      racemase, an enzyme catalyzing the formation of D-serine from L-serine. Serine
      racemase is a protein representing an additional family of pyridoxal-5'
      phosphate-dependent enzymes in eukaryotes. The enzyme is enriched in rat brain
      where it occurs in glial cells that possess high levels of D-serine in vivo.
      Occurrence of serine racemase in the brain demonstrates the conservation of
      D-amino acid metabolism in mammals with implications for the regulation of
      N-methyl-D-aspartate neurotransmission through glia-neuronal interactions.
FAU - Wolosker, H
AU  - Wolosker H
AD  - Departments of Neuroscience, The Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine,
      725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
FAU - Blackshaw, S
AU  - Blackshaw S
FAU - Snyder, S H
AU  - Snyder SH
LA  - eng
SI  - GENBANK/AF148321
GR  - R37 MH018501/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01 MH018501/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
GR  - DA-00074/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - K05 DA000074/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - MH 18501/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
JT  - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JID - 7505876
RN  - 0 (DNA Primers)
RN  - 452VLY9402 (Serine)
RN  - 6384-92-5 (N-Methylaspartate)
RN  - EC 5.1.- (Racemases and Epimerases)
RN  - EC 5.1.1.16 (serine racemase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Animals
MH  - Astrocytes/*enzymology
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - DNA Primers
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - N-Methylaspartate/*metabolism
MH  - Racemases and Epimerases/*metabolism
MH  - Rats
MH  - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
MH  - Serine/*biosynthesis
PMC - PMC23961
EDAT- 1999/11/11 00:00
MHDA- 1999/11/11 00:01
CRDT- 1999/11/11 00:00
PHST- 1999/11/11 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/11/11 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/11/11 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1073/pnas.96.23.13409 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Nov 9;96(23):13409-14. doi:
      10.1073/pnas.96.23.13409.