PMID- 10477747
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19991014
LR  - 20190508
IS  - 0021-9525 (Print)
IS  - 0021-9525 (Linking)
VI  - 146
IP  - 5
DP  - 1999 Sep 6
TI  - Megabase chromatin domains involved in DNA double-strand breaks in vivo.
PG  - 905-16
AB  - The loss of chromosomal integrity from DNA double-strand breaks introduced into
      mammalian cells by ionizing radiation results in the specific phosphorylation of 
      histone H2AX on serine residue 139, yielding a specific modified form named
      gamma-H2AX. An antibody prepared to the unique region of human gamma-H2AX shows
      that H2AX homologues are phosphorylated not only in irradiated mammalian cells
      but also in irradiated cells from other species, including Xenopus laevis,
      Drosophila melanogaster, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The antibody reveals that 
      gamma-H2AX appears as discrete nuclear foci within 1 min after exposure of cells 
      to ionizing radiation. The numbers of these foci are comparable to the numbers of
      induced DNA double-strand breaks. When DNA double-strand breaks are introduced
      into specific partial nuclear volumes of cells by means of a pulsed microbeam
      laser, gamma-H2AX foci form at these sites. In mitotic cells from cultures
      exposed to nonlethal amounts of ionizing radiation, gamma-H2AX foci form
      band-like structures on chromosome arms and on the end of broken arms. These
      results offer direct visual confirmation that gamma-H2AX forms en masse at
      chromosomal sites of DNA double-strand breaks. The results further suggest the
      possible existence of units of higher order chromatin structure involved in
      monitoring DNA integrity.
FAU - Rogakou, E P
AU  - Rogakou EP
AD  - Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Division of Basic Sciences, National Cancer
      Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
FAU - Boon, C
AU  - Boon C
FAU - Redon, C
AU  - Redon C
FAU - Bonner, W M
AU  - Bonner WM
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Cell Biol
JT  - The Journal of cell biology
JID - 0375356
RN  - 0 (Chromatin)
RN  - 0 (Histones)
RN  - 17885-08-4 (Phosphoserine)
RN  - 9007-49-2 (DNA)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Blotting, Western
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Chromatin/*genetics/immunology/*metabolism/radiation effects
MH  - Chromosomes/genetics/metabolism/radiation effects
MH  - DNA/genetics/metabolism/radiation effects
MH  - DNA Damage/*genetics/radiation effects
MH  - Fibroblasts
MH  - Histones/chemistry/genetics/immunology/metabolism
MH  - Humans
MH  - Interphase/genetics/radiation effects
MH  - Lasers
MH  - Microscopy, Confocal
MH  - Mitosis/genetics/radiation effects
MH  - Muntjacs
MH  - Phosphorylation/radiation effects
MH  - Phosphoserine/metabolism
MH  - Radiation, Ionizing
MH  - Time Factors
PMC - PMC2169482
EDAT- 1999/09/09 00:00
MHDA- 1999/09/09 00:01
CRDT- 1999/09/09 00:00
PHST- 1999/09/09 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/09/09 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/09/09 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1083/jcb.146.5.905 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Cell Biol. 1999 Sep 6;146(5):905-16. doi: 10.1083/jcb.146.5.905.