PMID- 10400725
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990824
LR  - 20200724
IS  - 0022-538X (Print)
IS  - 0022-538X (Linking)
VI  - 73
IP  - 8
DP  - 1999 Aug
TI  - Identification of a novel structural protein of arteriviruses.
PG  - 6335-45
AB  - Arteriviruses are positive-stranded RNA viruses with an efficiently organized,
      polycistronic genome. A short region between the replicase gene and open reading 
      frame (ORF) 2 of the equine arteritis virus (EAV) genome was previously assumed
      to be untranslated. However, here we report that this segment of the EAV genome
      contains the 5' part of a novel gene (ORF 2a) which is conserved in all
      arteriviruses. The 3' part of EAV ORF 2a overlaps with the 5' part of the former 
      ORF 2 (now renamed ORF 2b), which encodes the GS glycoprotein. Both ORF 2a and
      ORF 2b appear to be expressed from mRNA 2, which thereby constitutes the first
      proven example of a bicistronic mRNA in arteriviruses. The 67-amino-acid protein 
      encoded by EAV ORF 2a, which we have provisionally named the envelope (E)
      protein, is very hydrophobic and has a basic C terminus. An E protein-specific
      antiserum was raised and used to demonstrate the expression of the novel gene in 
      EAV-infected cells. The EAV E protein proved to be very stable, did not form
      disulfide-linked oligomers, and was not N-glycosylated. Immunofluorescence and
      immunoelectron microscopy studies showed that the E protein associates with
      intracellular membranes both in EAV-infected cells and upon independent
      expression. An analysis of purified EAV particles revealed that the E protein is 
      a structural protein. By using reverse genetics, we demonstrated that both the
      EAV E and GS proteins are essential for the production of infectious progeny
      virus.
FAU - Snijder, E J
AU  - Snijder EJ
AD  - Department of Virology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The
      Netherlands. Snijder@Virology.AZL.NL
FAU - van Tol, H
AU  - van Tol H
FAU - Pedersen, K W
AU  - Pedersen KW
FAU - Raamsman, M J
AU  - Raamsman MJ
FAU - de Vries, A A
AU  - de Vries AA
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - J Virol
JT  - Journal of virology
JID - 0113724
RN  - 0 (DNA, Viral)
RN  - 0 (E protein, Equine arteritis virus)
RN  - 0 (GS protein, Equine arteritis virus)
RN  - 0 (Glycoproteins)
RN  - 0 (Viral Proteins)
RN  - 0 (Viral Structural Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Amino Acid Sequence
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - Chick Embryo
MH  - Conserved Sequence
MH  - Cricetinae
MH  - DNA, Viral
MH  - Equartevirus/*genetics/metabolism/pathogenicity
MH  - Equidae
MH  - Genes, Viral
MH  - *Glycoproteins
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - Rabbits
MH  - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
MH  - Subcellular Fractions
MH  - Viral Proteins/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Viral Structural Proteins/*genetics/metabolism
MH  - Virion
PMC - PMC112712
EDAT- 1999/07/10 00:00
MHDA- 1999/07/10 00:01
CRDT- 1999/07/10 00:00
PHST- 1999/07/10 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/07/10 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/07/10 00:00 [entrez]
AID - 10.1128/JVI.73.8.6335-6345.1999 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Virol. 1999 Aug;73(8):6335-45. doi: 10.1128/JVI.73.8.6335-6345.1999.