PMID- 10375638
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990805
LR  - 20190707
IS  - 0378-1119 (Print)
IS  - 0378-1119 (Linking)
VI  - 233
IP  - 1-2
DP  - 1999 Jun 11
TI  - Multiple 5'-untranslated exons in the nuclear respiratory factor 1 gene span 47
      kb and contribute to transcript heterogeneity and translational efficiency.
PG  - 213-24
AB  - Nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1) is a nuclear transcription factor that has
      been implicated in the nuclear control of respiratory chain expression in
      mammalian cells. Here, we demonstrate that a complex pattern of alternative
      splicing contributes to sequence heterogeneity within the human NRF-1
      5'-untranslated region (UTR). At least six different 5'-UTR exons (UTRs 1-6) were
      detected in NRF-1 transcripts. These exons were mapped to human NRF-1 genomic
      clones and their sequences, including donor and acceptor splice junctions,
      determined. Two of the human UTR exons were derived from insertions of Alu-sq
      family members into the NRF-1 locus. The distance between the transcription
      initiation sites in UTR1 and the first protein coding exon is approx. 47kb,
      bringing the total length of the human NRF-1 gene to approx. 104kb. In contrast
      to human, only two UTR exons were found in mouse. The mouse UTR1 sequence
      obtained is identical to human UTR1, but mouse UTR2 bears no resemblance to any
      of the human exons. Mutations within human UTR1 modulate NRF-1 expression by
      interfering with mRNA translational efficiency in transfected cells and in an in 
      vitro translation system. The effects of the mutations are proportional to their 
      ability to disrupt predicted mRNA secondary structures within UTR1. Thus, the
      unusually high sequence conservation within UTR1 in part reflects selective
      constraints on translational expression.
FAU - Huo, L
AU  - Huo L
AD  - Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern Medical School, 303 East
      Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
FAU - Scarpulla, R C
AU  - Scarpulla RC
LA  - eng
SI  - GENBANK/AF064722
SI  - GENBANK/AF064723
SI  - GENBANK/AF064724
SI  - GENBANK/AF064725
SI  - GENBANK/AF064726
SI  - GENBANK/AF064727
SI  - GENBANK/AF064728
SI  - GENBANK/AF067454
SI  - GENBANK/AH006179
GR  - GM32525-17/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Gene
JT  - Gene
JID - 7706761
RN  - 0 (5' Untranslated Regions)
RN  - 0 (DNA, Complementary)
RN  - 0 (DNA-Binding Proteins)
RN  - 0 (NF-E2-Related Factor 1)
RN  - 0 (NRF1 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Nrf1 protein, mouse)
RN  - 0 (Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1)
RN  - 0 (Nuclear Respiratory Factors)
RN  - 0 (RNA, Messenger)
RN  - 0 (Trans-Activators)
SB  - IM
MH  - *5' Untranslated Regions
MH  - Animals
MH  - Base Sequence
MH  - Cell Line
MH  - DNA, Complementary
MH  - DNA-Binding Proteins/*genetics
MH  - *Exons
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
MH  - Humans
MH  - Mice
MH  - Molecular Sequence Data
MH  - NF-E2-Related Factor 1
MH  - Nuclear Respiratory Factor 1
MH  - Nuclear Respiratory Factors
MH  - *Protein Biosynthesis
MH  - RNA, Messenger/*genetics
MH  - Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
MH  - Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
MH  - Trans-Activators/*genetics
EDAT- 1999/06/22 00:00
MHDA- 1999/06/22 00:01
CRDT- 1999/06/22 00:00
PHST- 1999/06/22 00:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 1999/06/22 00:01 [medline]
PHST- 1999/06/22 00:00 [entrez]
AID - S0378111999001353 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00135-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Gene. 1999 Jun 11;233(1-2):213-24. doi: 10.1016/s0378-1119(99)00135-3.