PMID- 10022198
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19990422
LR  - 20190905
IS  - 0021-9967 (Print)
IS  - 0021-9967 (Linking)
VI  - 405
IP  - 1
DP  - 1999 Mar 1
TI  - Special relationship of gamma-aminobutyric acid to the ventromedial nucleus of
      the hypothalamus during embryonic development.
PG  - 88-98
AB  - The ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) is a key nucleus for
      regulating homeostatic, neuroendocrine, and behavioral functions. We conducted
      immunocytochemical analyses by using antisera directed against gamma-aminobutyric
      acid (GABA), its synthetic enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD67), GABA-A
      receptor subunits (alpha2, beta3, epsilon), estrogen receptor-alpha, and
      Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the region of the VMH in embryonic mice to identify
      potential patterning elements for VMH formation. Cells and fibers containing GABA
      and GAD67 encircled the primordial VMH as early as embryonic day 13 (E13) when
      the cytoarchitecture of the VMH was not recognizable by Nissl stain. At E16-17
      the cytoarchitecture of the VMH became recognizable by Nissl stain as GABAergic
      fibers invaded the nucleus, continued postnatally, and by adulthood the density
      of GABAergic fibers was greater inside than outside the VMH. GABA-A receptor
      subunit expression (beta3 by E13 and alpha2 by E15) within the primordial VMH
      suggested potential sensitivity to the surrounding GABA signal. Brain slices were
      used to test whether fibers from distal or proximal sites influenced VMH
      development. Coronal Vibratome slices were prepared and maintained in vitro for
      0-3 days. Nissl stain analyses showed a uniform distribution of cells in the
      region of the VMH on the day of plating (E15). After 3 days in vitro, cellular
      aggregation suggesting VMH formation was seen. Nuclear formation in vitro
      suggests that key factors resided locally within the coronal plane of the slices.
      It is suggested that either GABA intrinsic to the region nearby the VMH directly 
      influences the development and organization of the VMH, or along with other
      markers provides an early indicator of pattern determination that precedes the
      cellular organization of the VMH.
FAU - Tobet, S A
AU  - Tobet SA
AD  - Program in Neuroscience, The Shriver Center and Harvard Medical School, Waltham, 
      Massachusetts 02154, USA. stobet@shriver.org
FAU - Henderson, R G
AU  - Henderson RG
FAU - Whiting, P J
AU  - Whiting PJ
FAU - Sieghart, W
AU  - Sieghart W
LA  - eng
GR  - HD-04147/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - MH57748/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - J Comp Neurol
JT  - The Journal of comparative neurology
JID - 0406041
RN  - 0 (Estrogen Receptor alpha)
RN  - 0 (Neuropeptide Y)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, Estrogen)
RN  - 0 (Receptors, GABA-A)
RN  - 56-12-2 (gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)
RN  - EC 4.1.1.15 (Glutamate Decarboxylase)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Embryo, Mammalian/metabolism
MH  - Embryonic and Fetal Development/physiology
MH  - Estrogen Receptor alpha
MH  - Glutamate Decarboxylase/analysis
MH  - Hypothalamus, Middle/*chemistry/embryology
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - In Vitro Techniques
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Neuropeptide Y/analysis
MH  - Receptors, Estrogen/analysis
MH  - Receptors, GABA-A/analysis
MH  - gamma-Aminobutyric Acid/*analysis
EDAT- 1999/02/18 03:02
MHDA- 2000/06/20 09:00
CRDT- 1999/02/18 03:02
PHST- 1999/02/18 03:02 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/06/20 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 1999/02/18 03:02 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19990301)405:1<88::AID-CNE7>3.0.CO;2-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990301)405:1<88::aid-cne7>3.0.co;2-0 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Comp Neurol. 1999 Mar 1;405(1):88-98. doi:
      10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990301)405:1<88::aid-cne7>3.0.co;2-0.