{ "assessed_biomarker_entity": "Neuron-specific enolase (ENO2)", "assessed_entity_type": "protein", "components": { "protein": [ { "accession": "P09104-1", "name": "Gamma-enolase", "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" }, { "id": "32347972", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972" }, { "id": "16033098", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16033098" }, { "id": "32504736", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32504736" }, { "id": "16062024", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16062024" }, { "id": "32504736", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32504736" }, { "id": "32347972", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972" }, { "id": "30994045", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/30994045" } ] } ], "glycan": [] }, "instances": [ { "best_biomarker_type": "prognostic", "status": "increased ENO2 level", "notes": "Measured in serum (UN:0001977) as well", "literature_evidence": "This is the first report with such a substantial evaluation of cancer biomarkers on a large patient population of COVID-19. Our data demonstrate that levels of serum HE4, CYFRA21-1, CEA, CA125, CA153, SCC, and NSE are positively associated with CRP, a crucial factor in correlation with the severity of the disease. We concluded that elevations of serum cancer biomarkers positively correlated with the pathological progressions of COVID-19, demonstrating diffuse and acute pathophysiological injuries in COVID-19. [PMID:32347972] Tumor marker serum levels were related to histological type and tumor extension, with ProGRP being the most sensitive marker in SCLC, CEA in adenocarcinomas and CYFRA 21-1 in squamous tumors. The most sensitive combinations of tumor markers were ProGRP and NSE in SCLC (88%), and CEA plus CYFRA in NSCLC (82%). In summary, ProGRP is the tumor marker of choice in SCLC and NSE is a complementary tumor marker in this histological type. [PMID:16033098] Tumor biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) and Pro-Gastrin Releasing Peptide (ProGRP), were elevated. [PMID:32504736]", "loinc_code": "19193-2", "tissue": { "name": "blood", "namespace": "UBERON", "id": "0000178", "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178" }, "disease": { "disease_id": "DOID:1324", "recommended_name": { "id": "DOID:1324", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:1324", "name": "lung cancer", "description": "A respiratory system cancer that is located_in the lung." }, "synonyms": [ { "id": "MONDO:0012159", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012159", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 1", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012159", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012159", "name": "LNCR1", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012159", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012159", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012159", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012159", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 1", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012942", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012942", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 3", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012942", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012942", "name": "LNCR3", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012942", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012942", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 3", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012942", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012942", "name": "adenocarcinoma of lung, susceptibility to", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012955", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012955", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 4", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012955", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012955", "name": "LNCR4", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012955", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012955", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 4", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0013631", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0013631", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 5", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0013631", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0013631", "name": "LNCR5", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0013631", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0013631", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 5", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "lung cancer", "description": "A malignant neoplasm involving the lung." }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "adenocarcinoma of lung, response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor in, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "adenocarcinoma of lung, somatic", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "cancer of lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "lung cancer", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "lung cancer, protection against, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "lung cancer, resistance to, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "lung cancer, somatic", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "lung cancer, susceptibility to, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant lung neoplasm", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant lung tumor", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant lung tumour", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant neoplasm of lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant neoplasm of the lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant tumor of lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant tumor of the lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant tumour of lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant tumour of the lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "nonsmall cell lung cancer, response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor in, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "nonsmall cell lung cancer, somatic", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "nonsmall cell lung cancer, susceptibility to, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "Nonsmall cell lung cancer", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "alveolar cell carcinoma", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "lung cancer, protection against", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "lung neoplasm", "description": "" }, { "id": "MIM:211980", "resource": "MIM", "url": "https://www.omim.org/entry/211980", "name": "Lung cancer", "description": "Lung cancer" } ] }, "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" }, { "id": "32347972", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972" }, { "id": "16033098", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16033098" }, { "id": "32504736", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32504736" }, { "id": "16062024", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16062024" }, { "id": "30994045", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/30994045" } ] }, { "best_biomarker_type": "prognostic", "status": "increased ENO2 level", "notes": "Measured in plasma (UN:0001969) as well.", "literature_evidence": "In short, we concluded that the concentrations of tumor biomarkers of CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE, SCCA, ProGRP were elevated in COVID-19 patients, and that CEA, CYFRA21-1, SCCA could predicte the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients. [PMID:32504736] Presence of elevated NSE levels shown as predictor of COVID-19 severity. [PMID:32347972]", "loinc_code": "19193-2", "tissue": { "name": "blood", "namespace": "UBERON", "id": "0000178", "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178" }, "disease": { "disease_id": "DOID:0080600", "recommended_name": { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "COVID-19", "description": "A Coronavirus infection that is characterized by fever, cough and shortness of breath and that has_material_basis_in SARS-CoV-2." }, "synonyms": [ { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "2019-nCoV infection", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "Wuhan coronavirus infection", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "Wuhan seafood market pneumonia virus infection", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "COVID19", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "description": "" } ] }, "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" }, { "id": "32504736", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32504736" }, { "id": "32347972", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972" } ] } ], "publication": [ { "title": "New and old biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of lung cancer: Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide in comparison with neuron-specific enolase, carcinoembryonic antigen, and CYFRA 21-1.", "journal": "The International journal of biological markers", "authors": "Mauro C, Passerini R, Spaggiari L, Galetta D, Radice D, Lentati P, Sandri MT", "date": "2019", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "30994045", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/30994045" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" } ] }, { "title": "[Clinical and prognostic significance of tumor markers cytokeratin 19 fragment, carcinoembryonic antigen, and neuron-specific enolase in lung cancer].", "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)", "authors": "Zemaitis M, Sakalauskas R, Malakauskas K, Muley T, Fischer JR, Lahm H", "date": "2005", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "16062024", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16062024" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" } ] }, { "title": "Tumor biomarkers predict clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients.", "journal": "The Journal of infection", "authors": "He B, Zhong A, Wu Q, Liu X, Lin J, Chen C, He Y, Guo Y, Zhang M, Zhu P, Wu J, Wang C, Wang S, Xia X", "date": "2020", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "32504736", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32504736" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" } ] }, { "title": "Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) in patients with benign and malignant diseases: comparison with CEA, SCC, CYFRA 21-1 and NSE in patients with lung cancer.", "journal": "Anticancer research", "authors": "Molina R, Auge JM, Filella X, Vinolas N, Alicarte J, Domingo JM, Ballesta AM", "date": "2005", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "16033098", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16033098" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" } ] }, { "title": "Elevations of serum cancer biomarkers correlate with severity of COVID-19.", "journal": "Journal of medical virology", "authors": "Wei X, Su J, Yang K, Wei J, Wan H, Cao X, Tan W, Wang H", "date": "2020", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "32347972", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" } ] } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" }, { "id": "32347972", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972" }, { "id": "16033098", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16033098" }, { "id": "32504736", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32504736" }, { "id": "16062024", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16062024" }, { "id": "30994045", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/30994045" } ], "biomarker_id": "A0097", "aclist": [ "P09104-1" ], "crossref": [], "section_stats": [ { "table_id": "instances", "table_stats": [ { "field": "total", "count": 2 } ], "sort_fields": [ "best_biomarker_type", "status", "notes", "literature_evidence", "loinc_code", "tissue.name", "tissue.namespace", "tissue.id", "tissue.url", "disease.disease_id" ] }, { "table_id": "components", "table_stats": [ { "field": "total", "count": 2 } ], "sort_fields": [] }, { "table_id": "publication", "table_stats": [ { "field": "total", "count": 5 } ], "sort_fields": [ "title", "journal", "authors", "date" ] } ] }