{ "assessed_biomarker_entity": "Galectin-3 (LGALS3)", "assessed_entity_type": "protein", "components": { "protein": [ { "accession": "P17931-1", "name": "Galectin-3", "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" }, { "id": "32973815", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32973815" }, { "id": "28085015", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/28085015" }, { "id": "25501605", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/25501605" } ] } ], "glycan": [] }, "instances": [ { "best_biomarker_type": "prognostic", "status": "increased LGALS3 level", "notes": "Measured in plasma (UN:0001969) as well.", "literature_evidence": "GAL3 could be a good prognostic marker for severe COVID-19 and that elevated plasma levels of GAL3 can participate in triggering the cytokine storm observed in severe COVID-19 patients. [PMID:32973815]", "loinc_code": "", "tissue": { "name": "blood", "namespace": "UBERON", "id": "0000178", "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178" }, "disease": { "disease_id": "DOID:0080600", "recommended_name": { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "COVID-19", "description": "A Coronavirus infection that is characterized by fever, cough and shortness of breath and that has_material_basis_in SARS-CoV-2." }, "synonyms": [ { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "2019-nCoV infection", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "Wuhan coronavirus infection", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "Wuhan seafood market pneumonia virus infection", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "COVID19", "description": "" }, { "id": "DOID:0080600", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600", "name": "SARS-CoV-2 infection", "description": "" } ] }, "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" }, { "id": "32973815", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32973815" } ] }, { "best_biomarker_type": "prognostic", "status": "increased LGALS3 level", "notes": "", "literature_evidence": "High expression of tumoral gal-3 was associated with tumor size, poor differentiation and negatively related to low E-cadherin expression. Multivariate analysis revealed that tumoral gal-3 expression was the only independent predictor of both tumor recurrence and overall survival after resection. [PMID:28085015]", "loinc_code": "", "tissue": { "name": "colon", "namespace": "UBERON", "id": "0001155", "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001155" }, "disease": { "disease_id": "DOID:9256", "recommended_name": { "id": "DOID:9256", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:9256", "name": "colorectal cancer", "description": "A large intestine cancer that is located_in the colon and/or located_in the rectum." }, "synonyms": [ { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colorectal cancer", "description": "A primary or metastatic malignant neoplasm that affects the colon or rectum. Representative examples include carcinoma, lymphoma, and sarcoma." }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "cancer of colorectum", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "cancer of large bowel", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "cancer of large intestine", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "cancer of the large bowel", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colon cancer, advanced, somatic", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colon cancer, somatic", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colorectal cancer", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colorectal cancer with chromosomal instability, somatic", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colorectal cancer, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colorectal cancer, somatic", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colorectum cancer", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant colorectal neoplasm", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant colorectal tumor", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant colorectum neoplasm", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant large bowel neoplasm", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant large bowel tumor", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant large intestine neoplasm", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant large intestine tumor", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant neoplasm of colorectum", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant neoplasm of large bowel", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant neoplasm of large intestine", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant neoplasm of the large bowel", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant neoplasm of the large intestine", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant tumor of large bowel", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant tumor of large intestine", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant tumor of the large bowel", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "malignant tumor of the large intestine", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "CRC", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colon cancer", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "colon cancer, susceptibility to, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0005575", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0005575", "name": "large intestine cancer", "description": "" }, { "id": "MIM:114500", "resource": "MIM", "url": "https://www.omim.org/entry/114500", "name": "Colorectal cancer", "description": "Colorectal cancer" } ] }, "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" }, { "id": "28085015", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/28085015" } ] }, { "best_biomarker_type": "diagnostic", "status": "increased LGALS3 level", "notes": "Increased galectin-3 expression|Measured in serum (UN:0001977) as well.", "literature_evidence": "Gal-3 is a promising biomarker for detecting prediabetes and diabetes. Sixty-one patients had prediabetes (Group 1), 57 had diabetes (Group 2), and 56 had neither diabetes nor prediabetes (Group 3) Gal-3 levels were higher in Group 2 than in Groups 1 and 3. [1,053.9 (358.1) and 744.1 (119.3) vs. 481.7 (175.4) pg/mL; P < 0.001. [PMID:25501605]", "loinc_code": "", "tissue": { "name": "blood", "namespace": "UBERON", "id": "0000178", "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178" }, "disease": { "disease_id": "DOID:9351", "recommended_name": { "id": "DOID:9351", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:9351", "name": "diabetes mellitus", "description": "A glucose metabolism disease that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both." }, "synonyms": [ { "id": "DOID:9351", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:9351", "name": "diabetes", "description": "" } ] }, "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" }, { "id": "25501605", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/25501605" } ] } ], "publication": [ { "title": "Over expression of galectin-3 associates with short-term poor prognosis in stage II colon cancer.", "journal": "Cancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers", "authors": "Huang Z, Ai Z, Li N, Xi H, Gao X, Wang F, Tan X, Liu H", "date": "2016", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "28085015", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/28085015" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" } ] }, { "title": "Increased levels of galectin-3 were associated with prediabetes and diabetes: new risk factor?", "journal": "Journal of endocrinological investigation", "authors": "Yilmaz H, Cakmak M, Inan O, Darcin T, Akcay A", "date": "2015", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "25501605", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/25501605" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" } ] }, { "title": "Hyperinflammation and Fibrosis in Severe COVID-19 Patients: Galectin-3, a Target Molecule to Consider.", "journal": "Frontiers in immunology", "authors": "Garcia-Revilla J, Deierborg T, Venero JL, Boza-Serrano A", "date": "2020", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "32973815", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32973815" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" } ] } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "GLY_000625", "database": "GlyGen", "url": "https://data.glygen.org/GLY_000625" }, { "id": "32973815", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32973815" }, { "id": "28085015", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/28085015" }, { "id": "25501605", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/25501605" } ], "biomarker_id": "A0133", "aclist": [ "P17931-1" ], "crossref": [], "section_stats": [ { "table_id": "instances", "table_stats": [ { "field": "total", "count": 3 } ], "sort_fields": [ "best_biomarker_type", "status", "notes", "literature_evidence", "loinc_code", "tissue.name", "tissue.namespace", "tissue.id", "tissue.url", "disease.disease_id" ] }, { "table_id": "components", "table_stats": [ { "field": "total", "count": 2 } ], "sort_fields": [] }, { "table_id": "publication", "table_stats": [ { "field": "total", "count": 3 } ], "sort_fields": [ "title", "journal", "authors", "date" ] } ] }