{ "uniprot_canonical_ac": "A4V8B4-1", "ptm_annotation": [ { "annotation": "Phosphorylated by STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1. Phosphorylation is not required for SAV1 stability and may increase the number of protein binding sites on the scaffold molecule (By similarity).", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" }, { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/", "id": "", "database": "PubMed" } ] } ], "sequence": { "header": "sp|A4V8B4-1|SAV1_RAT Isoform 1 of Protein salvador homolog 1 OS=Rattus norvegicus OX=10116 GN=Sav1 PE=2 SV=1 CANONICAL=A4V8B4-1", "length": 387, "sequence": "MLSRKKTKNEVSKPAEVQGKYVKKETSPLLRNLMPSFIRHGPTIPRRTDLCLPESSASAFSASGDGVVSRNQSFLRTPVQRTPHEVMRRESNRLSAPSSYLVRSLADVPREYGSSQSFLTEVNFAVENGDSGSRYFYSDNFFDGQRRRPLGDRAQEDYRYYEYNHDLFQRMPQNQGRHTSGIGRVTATSLGNLTNHGSEDLPLPPGWSVDWTMRGRKYYIDHNTNTTHWSHPLEREGLPPGWERVESSEFGTYYVDHTNKRAQYRHPCAPSVPRYDQPPPITYQPQQTERNQSLLVPANPYHTAEIPDWLQVYARAPVKYDHILKWELFQLADLDTYQGMLKLLFMKELEQIVKLYEAYRQALVTELENRKQRQQWYAQHHGKKFLS" }, "uniprot_id": "SAV1_RAT", "glycation": [], "keywords": [], "species": [ { "common_name": "Rat", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "Rattus norvegicus", "taxid": 10116 } ], "reaction_enzymes": [], "publication": [ { "reference": [ { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16930133", "type": "PubMed", "id": "16930133" } ], "title": "Association of mammalian sterile twenty kinases, Mst1 and Mst2, with hSalvador via C-terminal coiled-coil domains, leads to its stabilization and phosphorylation.", "journal": "The FEBS journal", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001091050.1", "id": "NP_001091050.1", "database": "RefSeq" } ], "authors": "Callus BA, Verhagen AM, Vaux DL", "date": "2006" }, { "reference": [ { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18369314", "type": "PubMed", "id": "18369314" } ], "title": "A crucial role of WW45 in developing epithelial tissues in the mouse.", "journal": "The EMBO journal", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001091050.1", "id": "NP_001091050.1", "database": "RefSeq" } ], "authors": "Lee JH, Kim TS, Yang TH, Koo BK, Oh SP, Lee KP, Oh HJ, Lee SH, Kong YY, Kim JM, Lim DS", "date": "2008" }, { "reference": [ { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20080689", "type": "PubMed", "id": "20080689" } ], "title": "Hippo signaling is a potent in vivo growth and tumor suppressor pathway in the mammalian liver.", "journal": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001091050.1", "id": "NP_001091050.1", "database": "RefSeq" } ], "authors": "Lu L, Li Y, Kim SM, Bossuyt W, Liu P, Qiu Q, Wang Y, Halder G, Finegold MJ, Lee JS, Johnson RL", "date": "2010" }, { "reference": [ { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22292086", "type": "PubMed", "id": "22292086" } ], "title": "Mammalian ste20-like kinase and SAV1 promote 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation by activation of PPARgamma.", "journal": "PloS one", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001091050.1", "id": "NP_001091050.1", "database": "RefSeq" } ], "authors": "Park BH, Kim DS, Won GW, Jeon HJ, Oh BC, Lee Y, Kim EG, Lee YH", "date": "2012" } ], "uniprot_ac": "A4V8B4", "gene_names": [ { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/A4V8B4", "type": "synonym", "resource": "RefSeq", "name": "Sav1" }, { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "type": "recommended", "resource": "UniProtKB", "name": "Sav1" }, { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "type": "synonym", "resource": "UniProtKB", "name": "Ww45" } ], "reactions": [], "isoforms": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4#A4V8B4-1", "isoform_ac": "A4V8B4-1", "locus": { "end_pos": 92377185, "strand": "+", "start_pos": 92398507, "chromosome": "6", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.ensembl.org/id/ENSRNOT00000007314", "id": "ENSRNOT00000007314", "database": "Ensembl Transcript" }, { "url": "https://www.ensembl.org/id/ENSRNOP00000007314", "id": "ENSRNOP00000007314", "database": "Ensembl Peptide" } ] }, "sequence": { "header": "sp|A4V8B4-1|SAV1_RAT Isoform 1 of Protein salvador homolog 1 OS=Rattus norvegicus OX=10116 GN=Sav1 PE=2 SV=1 CANONICAL=A4V8B4-1", "length": 387, "sequence": "MLSRKKTKNEVSKPAEVQGKYVKKETSPLLRNLMPSFIRHGPTIPRRTDLCLPESSASAFSASGDGVVSRNQSFLRTPVQRTPHEVMRRESNRLSAPSSYLVRSLADVPREYGSSQSFLTEVNFAVENGDSGSRYFYSDNFFDGQRRRPLGDRAQEDYRYYEYNHDLFQRMPQNQGRHTSGIGRVTATSLGNLTNHGSEDLPLPPGWSVDWTMRGRKYYIDHNTNTTHWSHPLEREGLPPGWERVESSEFGTYYVDHTNKRAQYRHPCAPSVPRYDQPPPITYQPQQTERNQSLLVPANPYHTAEIPDWLQVYARAPVKYDHILKWELFQLADLDTYQGMLKLLFMKELEQIVKLYEAYRQALVTELENRKQRQQWYAQHHGKKFLS" } } ], "pathway": [ { "url": "https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/get_linkdb?-t+pathway+rno:299116", "resource": "KEGG Pathway", "id": "rno:299116", "name": "" } ], "reaction_participants": [], "function": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4#function", "annotation": "Regulator of STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 in the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS1/2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. SAV1 is required for STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 activation and promotes cell-cycle exit and terminal differentiation in developing epithelial tissues. Plays a role in centrosome disjunction by regulating the localization of NEK2 to centrosomes, and its ability to phosphorylate CROCC and CEP250. In conjunction with STK3/MST2, activates the transcriptional activity of ESR1 through the modulation of its phosphorylation (By similarity).", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4#function", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ] } ], "orthologs": [ { "uniprot_canonical_ac": "Q8VEB2-1", "protein_name": "Protein salvador homolog 1", "sequence": { "length": 386, "sequence": "MLSRKKTKNEVSKPAEVQGKYVKKETSPLLRNLMPSFIRHGPTIPRRTDLCLPDSSATAFSASGDGVVSRNQSFLRTAIQRTPHEVMRRESHRLSAPSYLVRSLADVPRECGSSQSFLTEVNFAVENGDSGSRYFFSDNFFDGQRRRPLGDRAQEDYRYYEYNHDLFQRMPQSQGRHTSGIGRVTATSLGNLTNHGSEDLPLPPGWSVDWTMRGRKYYIDHNTNTTHWSHPLEREGLPPGWERVESSEFGTYYVDHTNKRAQYRHPCAPSVPRYDQPPPITYQPQQTERNQSLLVPANPYHTAEIPDWLQVYARAPVKYDHILKWELFQLADLDTYQGMLKLLFMKELEQIVKLYEAYRQALLTELENRKQRQQWYAQQHGKTFLS" }, "evidence": [ { "url": "http://www.informatics.jax.org/homology/32517", "id": "32517", "database": "MGI" }, { "url": "https://omabrowser.org/oma/group/A4V8B4/", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "OMA" } ], "common_name": "Mouse", "organism": "Mus musculus", "gene_name": "Sav1", "tax_id": 10090 }, { "uniprot_canonical_ac": "Q9H4B6-1", "protein_name": "Protein salvador homolog 1", "sequence": { "length": 383, "sequence": "MLSRKKTKNEVSKPAEVQGKYVKKETSPLLRNLMPSFIRHGPTIPRRTDICLPDSSPNAFSTSGDVVSRNQSFLRTPIQRTPHEIMRRESNRLSAPSYLARSLADVPREYGSSQSFVTEVSFAVENGDSGSRYYYSDNFFDGQRKRPLGDRAHEDYRYYEYNHDLFQRMPQNQGRHASGIGRVAATSLGNLTNHGSEDLPLPPGWSVDWTMRGRKYYIDHNTNTTHWSHPLEREGLPPGWERVESSEFGTYYVDHTNKKAQYRHPCAPSVPRYDQPPPVTYQPQQTERNQSLLVPANPYHTAEIPDWLQVYARAPVKYDHILKWELFQLADLDTYQGMLKLLFMKELEQIVKMYEAYRQALLTELENRKQRQQWYAQQHGKNF" }, "evidence": [ { "url": "http://www.informatics.jax.org/homology/32517", "id": "32517", "database": "MGI" }, { "url": "https://omabrowser.org/oma/group/A4V8B4/", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "OMA" } ], "common_name": "Human", "organism": "Homo sapiens", "gene_name": "SAV1", "tax_id": 9606 } ], "interactions": [], "synthesized_glycans": [], "snv": [], "cluster_types": [ { "name": "homologset.mgi", "label": "MGI Homologs" }, { "name": "homologset.oma", "label": "OMA Homologs" } ], "refseq": { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001091050.1", "ac": "NP_001091050.1", "name": "protein salvador homolog 1", "summary": "" }, "go_annotation": { "categories": [ { "go_terms": [ { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0070699", "pmid": "21873635", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "type II activin receptor binding", "id": "GO:0070699" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0046332", "pmid": "21873635", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "SMAD binding", "id": "GO:0046332" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0030159", "pmid": "21873635", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "signaling receptor complex adaptor activity", "id": "GO:0030159" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0031697", "pmid": "21873635", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "beta-1 adrenergic receptor binding", "id": "GO:0031697" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0042802", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "identical protein binding", "id": "GO:0042802" } ], "total": 5, "name": "Molecular Function" }, { "go_terms": [ { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005911", "pmid": "21873635", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "cell-cell junction", "id": "GO:0005911" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0030425", "pmid": "21873635", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "dendrite", "id": "GO:0030425" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005634", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "nucleus", "id": "GO:0005634" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005737", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "cytoplasm", "id": "GO:0005737" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005829", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "cytosol", "id": "GO:0005829" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0005886", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "plasma membrane", "id": "GO:0005886" } ], "total": 6, "name": "Cellular Component" }, { "go_terms": [ { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0007165", "pmid": "21873635", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "signal transduction", "id": "GO:0007165" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0043113", "pmid": "21873635", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "receptor clustering", "id": "GO:0043113" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0043065", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "positive regulation of apoptotic process", "id": "GO:0043065" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0045600", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "positive regulation of fat cell differentiation", "id": "GO:0045600" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0051091", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity", "id": "GO:0051091" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0006915", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "apoptotic process", "id": "GO:0006915" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0035329", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "hippo signaling", "id": "GO:0035329" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0050680", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation", "id": "GO:0050680" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0030216", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "keratinocyte differentiation", "id": "GO:0030216" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0050821", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "protein stabilization", "id": "GO:0050821" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0001942", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "hair follicle development", "id": "GO:0001942" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060412", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "ventricular septum morphogenesis", "id": "GO:0060412" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060487", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "lung epithelial cell differentiation", "id": "GO:0060487" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0046620", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "regulation of organ growth", "id": "GO:0046620" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060044", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "negative regulation of cardiac muscle cell proliferation", "id": "GO:0060044" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:2000036", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "regulation of stem cell population maintenance", "id": "GO:2000036" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/QuickGO/term/GO:0060575", "pmid": "", "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "name": "intestinal epithelial cell differentiation", "id": "GO:0060575" } ], "total": 17, "name": "Biological Process" } ] }, "site_annotation": [ { "end_pos": 194, "annotation": "n_glycosylation_sequon", "start_pos": 192 }, { "end_pos": 227, "annotation": "n_glycosylation_sequon", "start_pos": 225 }, { "end_pos": 293, "annotation": "n_glycosylation_sequon", "start_pos": 291 }, { "end_pos": 73, "annotation": "n_glycosylation_sequon", "start_pos": 71 } ], "pro_annotation": [], "crossref": [ { "url": "https://bgee.org/?page=gene&gene_id=ENSRNOG00000005264", "id": "ENSRNOG00000005264", "database": "Bgee" }, { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Structure/cdd/cddsrv.cgi?uid=cd00201", "id": "cd00201", "database": "CDD" }, { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/299116", "id": "299116", "database": "GeneID" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR001202", "id": "IPR001202", "database": "InterPro" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR011524", "id": "IPR011524", "database": "InterPro" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR030030", "id": "IPR030030", "database": "InterPro" }, { "url": "https://www.ebi.ac.uk/interpro/entry/IPR036020", "id": "IPR036020", "database": "InterPro" }, { "url": "https://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/get_linkdb?-t+pathway+rno:299116", "id": "rno:299116", "database": "KEGG Pathway" }, { "url": "https://omabrowser.org/oma/group/PPHEIMR/", "id": "PPHEIMR", "database": "OMA" }, { "url": "http://www.orthodb.org/?query=284488at2759", "id": "284488at2759", "database": "OrthoDB" }, { "url": "http://www.pantherdb.org/panther/family.do?clsAccession=PTHR10316:SF70", "id": "PTHR10316:SF70", "database": "PANTHER" }, { "url": "http://pfam.xfam.org/family/PF00397", "id": "PF00397", "database": "Pfam" }, { "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_PR_A4V8B4", "id": "PR_A4V8B4", "database": "PRO" }, { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001091050", "id": "NP_001091050", "database": "RefSeq" }, { "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/NP_001091050.1", "id": "NP_001091050.1", "database": "RefSeq" }, { "url": "http://rgd.mcw.edu/tools/genes/genes_view.cgi?id=1307253", "id": "1307253", "database": "RGD" }, { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4", "id": "A4V8B4", "database": "UniProtKB" }, { "url": "https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4V8B4-1", "id": "A4V8B4-1", "database": "UniProtKB" } ], "expression_disease": [], "glycosylation": [], "mutagenesis": [], "disease": [ { "disease_id": "DOID:5353", "synonyms": [ { "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:5353", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "description": "", "name": "colon disorder", "id": "DOID:5353" } ], "recommended_name": { "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:5353", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "description": "A intestinal disease located in the colon.", "name": "colonic disease", "id": "DOID:5353" }, "evidence": [ { "url": "https://www.alliancegenome.org/gene/5353#disease-associations", "id": "5353", "database": "Alliance of Genome Resources" } ] }, { "disease_id": "DOID:684", "synonyms": [ { "url": "http://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:684", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "description": "", "name": "Hepatoma", "id": "DOID:684" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "A malignant tumor that arises from hepatocytes. Hepatocellular carcinoma is relatively rare in the United States but very common in all African countries south of the Sahara and in Southeast Asia. Most cases are seen in patients over the age of 50 years, but this tumor can also occur in younger individuals and even in children. Hepatocellular carcinoma is more common in males than females and is associated with hepatitis B, hepatitis C, chronic alcohol abuse and cirrhosis. Serum elevation of alpha-fetoprotein occurs in a large percentage of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Grossly, hepatocellular carcinoma may present as a single mass, as multiple nodules, or as diffuse liver involvement. Microscopically, there is a wide range of differentiation from tumor to tumor (well differentiated to poorly differentiated tumors). Hepatocellular carcinomas quickly metastasize to regional lymph nodes and lung. The overall median survival of untreated liver cell carcinoma is about 4 months. The most effective treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma is complete resection of the tumor. Lately, an increasing number of tumors have been treated with liver transplantation.", "name": "hepatocellular carcinoma", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "primary carcinoma of the liver cells", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "liver carcinoma", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "hepatoblastoma caused by somatic mutation", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "hepatoma", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "liver cell cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma)", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { 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"url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "liver and intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "HCC", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "hepatocellular cancer", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "hepatocellular carcinoma", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "carcinoma of the liver cells", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0007256", "resource": "MONDO", "description": "", "name": "primary carcinoma of liver cells", "id": "MONDO:0007256" }, { 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