{ "biomarker_id": "AN6408-1", "biomarker_canonical_id": "AN6408", "condition": { "recommended_name": { "id": "DOID:1324", "resource": "Disease Ontology", "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:1324", "name": "lung cancer", "description": "A respiratory system cancer that is located_in the lung." }, "synonyms": [ { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "lung cancer", "description": "A malignant neoplasm involving the lung." }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "adenocarcinoma of lung, response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor in, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "adenocarcinoma of lung, somatic", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": 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somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant lung neoplasm", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant lung tumor", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant lung tumour", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant neoplasm of lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant neoplasm of the lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant tumor of lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant tumor of the lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant tumour of lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "malignant tumour of the lung", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "nonsmall cell lung cancer, response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor in, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "nonsmall cell lung cancer, somatic", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0008903", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008903", "name": "nonsmall cell lung cancer, susceptibility to, autosomal dominant, somatic mutation", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012159", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012159", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 1", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012159", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012159", "name": "LNCR1", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012159", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012159", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012159", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012159", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 1", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012942", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012942", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 3", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012942", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012942", "name": "LNCR3", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012942", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012942", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 3", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012955", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012955", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 4", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012955", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012955", "name": "LNCR4", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0012955", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0012955", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 4", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0013631", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0013631", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 5", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0013631", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0013631", "name": "LNCR5", "description": "" }, { "id": "MONDO:0013631", "resource": "MONDO", "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0013631", "name": "lung cancer susceptibility 5", "description": "" }, { "id": "MIM:211980", "resource": "MIM", "url": "https://www.omim.org/entry/211980", "name": "Lung cancer", "description": "Lung cancer" } ], "id": "DOID:1324" }, "biomarker_component": [ { "biomarker": "increased ENO2 level", "assessed_biomarker_entity_id": "P09104-1", "assessed_entity_type": "protein", "assessed_biomarker_entity": { "recommended_name": "Gamma-enolase", "synonyms": [ { "synonym": "Neuron-specific enolase" }, { "synonym": "NSE" }, { "synonym": "Enolase 2" }, { "synonym": "Neural enolase" }, { "synonym": "2-phospho-D-glycerate hydro-lyase" } ] }, "specimen": [ { "name": "blood", "namespace": "UBERON", "id": "0000178", "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178", "loinc_code": "19193-2" } ], "evidence_source": [ { "id": "AN6408-1", "database": "BiomarkerKB", "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6408-1" }, { "id": "32347972", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972", "tags": [ "assessed_biomarker_entity", " biomarker", " specimen" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "Presence of elevated NSE levels shown as predictor of COVID-19 severity.;|This is the first report with such a substantial evaluation of cancer biomarkers on a large patient population of COVID-19. Our data demonstrate that levels of serum HE4, CYFRA21-1, CEA, CA125, CA153, SCC, and NSE are positively associated with CRP, a crucial factor in correlation with the severity of the disease. We concluded that elevations of serum cancer biomarkers positively correlated with the pathological progressions of COVID-19, demonstrating diffuse and acute pathophysiological injuries in COVID-19." } ] }, { "id": "32504736", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32504736", "tags": [ "assessed_biomarker_entity", " biomarker", " specimen" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "In short, we concluded that the concentrations of tumor biomarkers of CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE, SCCA, ProGRP were elevated in COVID-19 patients, and that CEA, CYFRA21-1, SCCA could predicte the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients.;|Tumor biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) and Pro-Gastrin Releasing Peptide (ProGRP), were elevated." } ] }, { "id": "16033098", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16033098", "tags": [ "assessed_biomarker_entity", " biomarker", " specimen" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "Tumor marker serum levels were related to histological type and tumor extension, with ProGRP being the most sensitive marker in SCLC, CEA in adenocarcinomas and CYFRA 21-1 in squamous tumors. The most sensitive combinations of tumor markers were ProGRP and NSE in SCLC (88%), and CEA plus CYFRA in NSCLC (82%). In summary, ProGRP is the tumor marker of choice in SCLC and NSE is a complementary tumor marker in this histological type." } ] }, { "id": "16062024", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16062024", "tags": [ "assessed_biomarker_entity", " biomarker", " specimen" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "Alteration of serum tumor markers cytokeratin 19 fragment, carcinoembryonic antigen and neuron-specific enolase is associated with particular tumor histology, smoking habit, more advanced disease and poor prognosis. The number of patients with elevated levels of cytokeratin 19 fragment and neuron-specific enolase was higher in more advanced disease than in early lung cancer (p=0.036 and p=0.036, respectively). Preoperative levels of cytokeratin 19 fragment (p=0.017 and p=0.016, respectively) and neuron-specific enolase (p=0.03 and p=0.006, respectively) were significantly associated with more advanced disease and tumor size, as well as tumor histology in non-small cell lung cancer (p=0.03 and p=0.016, respectively)." } ] }, { "id": "30994045", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/30994045", "tags": [ "assessed_biomarker_entity", " biomarker", " specimen" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "Our results confirm that patients with lung cancer have increased serum levels of CEA, CYFRA 21-1, ProGRP, and NSE compared to patients with benign disease. Moreover, we found a strong association among the SCLC patients and high levels of ProGRP and NSE." } ] } ] } ], "best_biomarker_role": [ { "role": "prognostic" } ], "evidence_source": [ { "id": "AN6408-1", "database": "BiomarkerKB", "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6408-1" }, { "id": "32347972", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972", "tags": [ "best_biomarker_role", " condition" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "Presence of elevated NSE levels shown as predictor of COVID-19 severity.;|This is the first report with such a substantial evaluation of cancer biomarkers on a large patient population of COVID-19. Our data demonstrate that levels of serum HE4, CYFRA21-1, CEA, CA125, CA153, SCC, and NSE are positively associated with CRP, a crucial factor in correlation with the severity of the disease. We concluded that elevations of serum cancer biomarkers positively correlated with the pathological progressions of COVID-19, demonstrating diffuse and acute pathophysiological injuries in COVID-19." } ] }, { "id": "32504736", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32504736", "tags": [ "best_biomarker_role", " condition" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "In short, we concluded that the concentrations of tumor biomarkers of CEA, CYFRA21-1, NSE, SCCA, ProGRP were elevated in COVID-19 patients, and that CEA, CYFRA21-1, SCCA could predicte the clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients.;|Tumor biomarkers, such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) and Pro-Gastrin Releasing Peptide (ProGRP), were elevated." } ] }, { "id": "16033098", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16033098", "tags": [ "best_biomarker_role", " condition" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "Tumor marker serum levels were related to histological type and tumor extension, with ProGRP being the most sensitive marker in SCLC, CEA in adenocarcinomas and CYFRA 21-1 in squamous tumors. The most sensitive combinations of tumor markers were ProGRP and NSE in SCLC (88%), and CEA plus CYFRA in NSCLC (82%). In summary, ProGRP is the tumor marker of choice in SCLC and NSE is a complementary tumor marker in this histological type." } ] }, { "id": "16062024", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16062024", "tags": [ "best_biomarker_role", " condition" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "Alteration of serum tumor markers cytokeratin 19 fragment, carcinoembryonic antigen and neuron-specific enolase is associated with particular tumor histology, smoking habit, more advanced disease and poor prognosis. The number of patients with elevated levels of cytokeratin 19 fragment and neuron-specific enolase was higher in more advanced disease than in early lung cancer (p=0.036 and p=0.036, respectively). Preoperative levels of cytokeratin 19 fragment (p=0.017 and p=0.016, respectively) and neuron-specific enolase (p=0.03 and p=0.006, respectively) were significantly associated with more advanced disease and tumor size, as well as tumor histology in non-small cell lung cancer (p=0.03 and p=0.016, respectively)." } ] }, { "id": "30994045", "database": "PubMed", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/30994045", "tags": [ "best_biomarker_role", " condition" ], "evidence_list": [ { "evidence": "Our results confirm that patients with lung cancer have increased serum levels of CEA, CYFRA 21-1, ProGRP, and NSE compared to patients with benign disease. Moreover, we found a strong association among the SCLC patients and high levels of ProGRP and NSE." } ] } ], "crossref": [ { "id": "AN6408-1", "database": "BiomarkerKB", "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6408-1", "categories": [ "Biomarkers" ] } ], "citation": [ { "title": "Elevations of serum cancer biomarkers correlate with severity of COVID-19.", "journal": "Journal of medical virology", "authors": "Wei X, Su J, Yang K, Wei J, Wan H, Cao X, Tan W, Wang H", "date": "2020", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "32347972", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "AN6406-1", "database": "BiomarkerKB", "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6408-1" } ] }, { "title": "Tumor biomarkers predict clinical outcome of COVID-19 patients.", "journal": "The Journal of infection", "authors": "He B, Zhong A, Wu Q, Liu X, Lin J, Chen C, He Y, Guo Y, Zhang M, Zhu P, Wu J, Wang C, Wang S, Xia X", "date": "2020", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "32504736", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32504736" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "AN6408-1", "database": "BiomarkerKB", "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6408-1" } ] }, { "title": "Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) in patients with benign and malignant diseases: comparison with CEA, SCC, CYFRA 21-1 and NSE in patients with lung cancer.", "journal": "Anticancer research", "authors": "Molina R, Auge JM, Filella X, Vinolas N, Alicarte J, Domingo JM, Ballesta AM", "date": "2005", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "16033098", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16033098" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "AN6408-1", "database": "BiomarkerKB", "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6408-1" } ] }, { "title": "[Clinical and prognostic significance of tumor markers cytokeratin 19 fragment, carcinoembryonic antigen, and neuron-specific enolase in lung cancer].", "journal": "Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)", "authors": "Zemaitis M, Sakalauskas R, Malakauskas K, Muley T, Fischer JR, Lahm H", "date": "2005", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "16062024", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/16062024" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "AN6408-1", "database": "BiomarkerKB", "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6408-1" } ] }, { "title": "New and old biomarkers in the differential diagnosis of lung cancer: Pro-gastrin-releasing peptide in comparison with neuron-specific enolase, carcinoembryonic antigen, and CYFRA 21-1.", "journal": "The International journal of biological markers", "authors": "Mauro C, Passerini R, Spaggiari L, Galetta D, Radice D, Lentati P, Sandri MT", "date": "2019", "reference": [ { "type": "PubMed", "id": "30994045", "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/30994045" } ], "evidence": [ { "id": "AN6408-1", "database": "BiomarkerKB", "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6408-1" } ] } ], "section_stats": [ { "table_id": "biomarker_component", "table_stats": [ { "field": "total", "count": 1 } ], "sort_fields": [ "biomarker", "assessed_biomarker_entity_id", "assessed_entity_type", "assessed_biomarker_entity.recommended_name" ] }, { "table_id": "citation", "table_stats": [ { "field": "total", "count": 5 } ], "sort_fields": [ "title", "journal", "authors", "date" ] } ] }