{
    "biomarker_id": "AN6379-1",
    "biomarker_canonical_id": "AN6379",
    "condition": {
        "recommended_name": {
            "id": "DOID:0080600",
            "resource": "Disease Ontology",
            "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
            "name": "COVID-19",
            "description": "A Coronavirus infectious disease that is characterized by fever, cough and shortness of breath and that has_material_basis_in Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a subtype of Betacoronavirus pandemicum."
        },
        "synonyms": [
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "2019-nCoV infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "COVID19",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "SARS-CoV-2 infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "COVID-19",
                "description": "A disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2."
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019 novel coronavirus infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019-nCoV infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "coronavirus disease 2019",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infectious disease",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019 novel coronavirus",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019-nCoV",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "SARS-CoV-2",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "SARS-coronavirus 2",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "beta-CoV",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "beta-CoVs",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "betacoronavirus",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "-CoV",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "-CoVs",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "-coronavirus",
                "description": ""
            }
        ],
        "id": "DOID:0080600"
    },
    "biomarker_component": [
        {
            "biomarker": "increased CIT-H3 level",
            "assessed_biomarker_entity_id": "P68431-1",
            "assessed_entity_type": "protein",
            "assessed_biomarker_entity": {
                "recommended_name": "Histone H3.1",
                "synonyms": [
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/h"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/b"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/d"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/a"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/i"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/k"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/f"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/l"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/c"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Histone H3/j"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "specimen": [
                {
                    "name": "blood",
                    "namespace": "UBERON",
                    "id": "0000178",
                    "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178",
                    "loinc_code": ""
                }
            ],
            "evidence_source": [
                {
                    "id": "AN6379-1",
                    "database": "BiomarkerKB",
                    "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6379-1"
                },
                {
                    "id": "32329756",
                    "database": "PubMed",
                    "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32329756",
                    "tags": [
                        "assessed_biomarker_entity",
                        " biomarker",
                        " specimen"
                    ],
                    "evidence_list": [
                        {
                            "evidence": "Cit-H3 associated strongly with platelet levels. In summary, these data reveal high levels of NETs in many patients with COVID-19, where they may contribute to cytokine release and respiratory failure.;|We now report that sera from patients with COVID-19 (n=50 patients, n=84 samples) have elevated levels of cell-free DNA, myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA, and citrullinated histone H3 (Cit-H3); the latter two are highly specific markers of NETs. In summary, these data reveal high levels of NETs in many patients with COVID-19, where they may contribute to cytokine release and respiratory failure."
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "best_biomarker_role": [
        {
            "role": "prognostic"
        }
    ],
    "evidence_source": [
        {
            "id": "AN6379-1",
            "database": "BiomarkerKB",
            "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6379-1"
        },
        {
            "id": "32329756",
            "database": "PubMed",
            "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32329756",
            "tags": [
                "best_biomarker_role",
                " condition"
            ],
            "evidence_list": [
                {
                    "evidence": "Cit-H3 associated strongly with platelet levels. In summary, these data reveal high levels of NETs in many patients with COVID-19, where they may contribute to cytokine release and respiratory failure.;|We now report that sera from patients with COVID-19 (n=50 patients, n=84 samples) have elevated levels of cell-free DNA, myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA, and citrullinated histone H3 (Cit-H3); the latter two are highly specific markers of NETs. In summary, these data reveal high levels of NETs in many patients with COVID-19, where they may contribute to cytokine release and respiratory failure."
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "crossref": [
        {
            "id": "AN6379-1",
            "database": "BiomarkerKB",
            "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6379-1",
            "categories": [
                "Biomarkers"
            ]
        }
    ],
    "citation": [
        {
            "title": "Neutrophil extracellular traps in COVID-19.",
            "journal": "JCI insight",
            "authors": "Zuo Yu, Yalavarthi Srilakshmi, Shi Hui, Gockman Kelsey, Zuo Melanie, Madison Jacqueline A, Blair Christopher, Weber Andrew, Barnes Betsy J, Egeblad Mikala, Woods Robert J, Kanthi Yogendra, Knight Jason S",
            "date": "2020-06-04",
            "reference": [
                {
                    "type": "PubMed",
                    "id": "32329756",
                    "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32329756"
                }
            ],
            "evidence": [
                {
                    "id": "AN6377-1",
                    "database": "BiomarkerKB",
                    "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6379-1"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "section_stats": [
        {
            "table_id": "biomarker_component",
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                }
            ],
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                "assessed_entity_type",
                "assessed_biomarker_entity.recommended_name"
            ]
        },
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}