{
    "biomarker_id": "AN6331-1",
    "biomarker_canonical_id": "AN6331",
    "condition": {
        "recommended_name": {
            "id": "DOID:0080600",
            "resource": "Disease Ontology",
            "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
            "name": "COVID-19",
            "description": "A Coronavirus infectious disease that is characterized by fever, cough and shortness of breath and that has_material_basis_in Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a subtype of Betacoronavirus pandemicum."
        },
        "synonyms": [
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "2019-nCoV infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "COVID19",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "SARS-CoV-2 infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "COVID-19",
                "description": "A disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2."
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019 novel coronavirus infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019-nCoV infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
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                "resource": "MONDO",
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                "name": "coronavirus disease 2019",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
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                "name": "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infectious disease",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019 novel coronavirus",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019-nCoV",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "SARS-CoV-2",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "SARS-coronavirus 2",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "beta-CoV",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "beta-CoVs",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "betacoronavirus",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "-CoV",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "-CoVs",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "-coronavirus",
                "description": ""
            }
        ],
        "id": "DOID:0080600"
    },
    "biomarker_component": [
        {
            "biomarker": "increased CCL2 level",
            "assessed_biomarker_entity_id": "P13500-1",
            "assessed_entity_type": "protein",
            "assessed_biomarker_entity": {
                "recommended_name": "C-C motif chemokine 2",
                "synonyms": [
                    {
                        "synonym": "Monocyte chemotactic protein 1"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "MCP-1"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "MCAF"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "HC11"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Small-inducible cytokine A2"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Monocyte secretory protein JE"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "specimen": [
                {
                    "name": "blood",
                    "namespace": "UBERON",
                    "id": "0000178",
                    "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178",
                    "loinc_code": ""
                }
            ],
            "evidence_source": [
                {
                    "id": "AN6331-1",
                    "database": "BiomarkerKB",
                    "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6331-1"
                },
                {
                    "id": "33303843",
                    "database": "PubMed",
                    "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/33303843",
                    "tags": [
                        "assessed_biomarker_entity",
                        " biomarker",
                        " specimen"
                    ],
                    "evidence_list": [
                        {
                            "evidence": "Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were present in patients with severe COVID19. IL-6 and MCP-1 were inversely correlated with P/F with the largest AUC in ROC analyses and should be further explored as biomarkers to identify patients at risk for severe RF and as targets for improved treatment strategies."
                        }
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "id": "31986264",
                    "database": "PubMed",
                    "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/31986264",
                    "tags": [
                        "assessed_biomarker_entity",
                        " biomarker",
                        " specimen"
                    ],
                    "evidence_list": [
                        {
                            "evidence": "We noted that patients infected with 2019-nCoV also had high amounts of IL1B, IFN gamma, IP10, and MCP1, probably leading to activated T-helper-1 (Th1) cell responses. Initial plasma IL1B concentrations were higher in both ICU patients and non-ICU patients than in healthy adults."
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "best_biomarker_role": [
        {
            "role": "monitoring"
        }
    ],
    "evidence_source": [
        {
            "id": "AN6331-1",
            "database": "BiomarkerKB",
            "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6331-1"
        },
        {
            "id": "33303843",
            "database": "PubMed",
            "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/33303843",
            "tags": [
                "best_biomarker_role",
                " condition"
            ],
            "evidence_list": [
                {
                    "evidence": "Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were present in patients with severe COVID19. IL-6 and MCP-1 were inversely correlated with P/F with the largest AUC in ROC analyses and should be further explored as biomarkers to identify patients at risk for severe RF and as targets for improved treatment strategies."
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "id": "31986264",
            "database": "PubMed",
            "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/31986264",
            "tags": [
                "best_biomarker_role",
                " condition"
            ],
            "evidence_list": [
                {
                    "evidence": "We noted that patients infected with 2019-nCoV also had high amounts of IL1B, IFN gamma, IP10, and MCP1, probably leading to activated T-helper-1 (Th1) cell responses. Initial plasma IL1B concentrations were higher in both ICU patients and non-ICU patients than in healthy adults."
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "crossref": [
        {
            "id": "AN6331-1",
            "database": "BiomarkerKB",
            "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6331-1",
            "categories": [
                "Biomarkers"
            ]
        }
    ],
    "citation": [
        {
            "title": "Increased interleukin-6 and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 are associated with respiratory failure in COVID-19.",
            "journal": "Scientific reports",
            "authors": "J\u00f8ntvedt J\u00f8rgensen Marthe, Holter Jan Cato, Christensen Erik Egeland, Schjalm Camilla, Tonby Kristian, Pischke S\u00f8ren Erik, Jenum Synne, Skeie Linda G, Nur Sarah, Lind Andreas, Opsand Hanne, Enersen Tone Burvald, Gr\u00f8ndahl Ragnhild, Hermann Anne, Dudman Susanne, Muller Fredrik, Ueland Thor, Mollnes Tom Eirik, Aukrust P\u00e5l, Heggelund Lars, Holten Aleksander Rygh, Dyrhol-Riise Anne Ma",
            "date": "2020-12-10",
            "reference": [
                {
                    "type": "PubMed",
                    "id": "33303843",
                    "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/33303843"
                }
            ],
            "evidence": [
                {
                    "id": "AN6330-2",
                    "database": "BiomarkerKB",
                    "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6331-1"
                }
            ]
        },
        {
            "title": "Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China.",
            "journal": "Lancet (London, England)",
            "authors": "Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu W, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B",
            "date": "2020",
            "reference": [
                {
                    "type": "PubMed",
                    "id": "31986264",
                    "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/31986264"
                }
            ],
            "evidence": [
                {
                    "id": "AN6331-1",
                    "database": "BiomarkerKB",
                    "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6331-1"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "section_stats": [
        {
            "table_id": "biomarker_component",
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                    "count": 1
                }
            ],
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                "assessed_biomarker_entity.recommended_name"
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}