{
    "biomarker_id": "AN6314-2",
    "biomarker_canonical_id": "AN6314",
    "condition": {
        "recommended_name": {
            "id": "DOID:0080600",
            "resource": "Disease Ontology",
            "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
            "name": "COVID-19",
            "description": "A Coronavirus infectious disease that is characterized by fever, cough and shortness of breath and that has_material_basis_in Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a subtype of Betacoronavirus pandemicum."
        },
        "synonyms": [
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "2019-nCoV infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "COVID19",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "DOID:0080600",
                "resource": "Disease Ontology",
                "url": "https://disease-ontology.org/term/DOID:0080600",
                "name": "SARS-CoV-2 infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "COVID-19",
                "description": "A disease caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2."
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019 novel coronavirus infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019-nCoV infection",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "coronavirus disease 2019",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infectious disease",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019 novel coronavirus",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "2019-nCoV",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "SARS-CoV-2",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "SARS-coronavirus 2",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "beta-CoV",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "beta-CoVs",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "betacoronavirus",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "-CoV",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "-CoVs",
                "description": ""
            },
            {
                "id": "MONDO:0100096",
                "resource": "MONDO",
                "url": "https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0100096",
                "name": "-coronavirus",
                "description": ""
            }
        ],
        "id": "DOID:0080600"
    },
    "biomarker_component": [
        {
            "biomarker": "increased WFDC2 level",
            "assessed_biomarker_entity_id": "Q14508-1",
            "assessed_entity_type": "protein",
            "assessed_biomarker_entity": {
                "recommended_name": "WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2",
                "synonyms": [
                    {
                        "synonym": "Major epididymis-specific protein E4"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Putative protease inhibitor WAP5"
                    },
                    {
                        "synonym": "Epididymal secretory protein E4"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "specimen": [
                {
                    "name": "blood",
                    "namespace": "UBERON",
                    "id": "0000178",
                    "url": "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178",
                    "loinc_code": "55180-4"
                }
            ],
            "evidence_source": [
                {
                    "id": "AN6314-2",
                    "database": "BiomarkerKB",
                    "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6314-2"
                },
                {
                    "id": "32347972",
                    "database": "PubMed",
                    "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972",
                    "tags": [
                        "assessed_biomarker_entity",
                        " biomarker",
                        " specimen"
                    ],
                    "evidence_list": [
                        {
                            "evidence": "Increases in levels of Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), Cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), Carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153), Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), Carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199). There were positive associations between levels of C-reactive protein and levels of HE4 (R= 0.631, p<0.001), CYFRA21-1 (R= 0.431, p<0.001), CEA (R= 0.316, p<0.001), SCC (R= 0.351, p<0.001), CA153 (R= 0.359, p<0.001) and CA125 (R= 0.223, p=0.031). We concluded that elevations of serum cancer biomarkers positively correlated with the pathological progressions of COVID-19, demonstrating diffuse and acute lung injuries.;|Presence of elevated HE4 levels shown as predictor of COVID-19 severity.;|Significant increases in levels of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigens (CA) 125 , and 153. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) and CA199 increased significantly.;|This is the first report with such a substantial evaluation of cancer biomarkers on a large patient population of COVID-19. Our data demonstrate that levels of serum HE4, CYFRA21-1, CEA, CA125, CA153, SCC, and NSE are positively associated with CRP, a crucial factor in correlation with the severity of the disease. We concluded that elevations of serum cancer biomarkers positively correlated with the pathological progressions of COVID-19, demonstrating diffuse and acute pathophysiological injuries in COVID-19."
                        }
                    ]
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "best_biomarker_role": [
        {
            "role": "prognostic"
        }
    ],
    "evidence_source": [
        {
            "id": "AN6314-2",
            "database": "BiomarkerKB",
            "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6314-2"
        },
        {
            "id": "32347972",
            "database": "PubMed",
            "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972",
            "tags": [
                "best_biomarker_role",
                " condition"
            ],
            "evidence_list": [
                {
                    "evidence": "Increases in levels of Human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), Cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), Carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153), Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), Carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199). There were positive associations between levels of C-reactive protein and levels of HE4 (R= 0.631, p<0.001), CYFRA21-1 (R= 0.431, p<0.001), CEA (R= 0.316, p<0.001), SCC (R= 0.351, p<0.001), CA153 (R= 0.359, p<0.001) and CA125 (R= 0.223, p=0.031). We concluded that elevations of serum cancer biomarkers positively correlated with the pathological progressions of COVID-19, demonstrating diffuse and acute lung injuries.;|Presence of elevated HE4 levels shown as predictor of COVID-19 severity.;|Significant increases in levels of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4), cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigens (CA) 125 , and 153. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) and CA199 increased significantly.;|This is the first report with such a substantial evaluation of cancer biomarkers on a large patient population of COVID-19. Our data demonstrate that levels of serum HE4, CYFRA21-1, CEA, CA125, CA153, SCC, and NSE are positively associated with CRP, a crucial factor in correlation with the severity of the disease. We concluded that elevations of serum cancer biomarkers positively correlated with the pathological progressions of COVID-19, demonstrating diffuse and acute pathophysiological injuries in COVID-19."
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "crossref": [
        {
            "id": "AN6314-2",
            "database": "BiomarkerKB",
            "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6314-2",
            "categories": [
                "Biomarkers"
            ]
        }
    ],
    "citation": [
        {
            "title": "Elevations of serum cancer biomarkers correlate with severity of COVID-19.",
            "journal": "Journal of medical virology",
            "authors": "Wei X, Su J, Yang K, Wei J, Wan H, Cao X, Tan W, Wang H",
            "date": "2020",
            "reference": [
                {
                    "type": "PubMed",
                    "id": "32347972",
                    "url": "https://glygen.org/publication/PubMed/32347972"
                }
            ],
            "evidence": [
                {
                    "id": "AN6314-1",
                    "database": "BiomarkerKB",
                    "url": "https://biomarkerkb.org/biomarker/AN6314-2"
                }
            ]
        }
    ],
    "section_stats": [
        {
            "table_id": "biomarker_component",
            "table_stats": [
                {
                    "field": "total",
                    "count": 1
                }
            ],
            "sort_fields": [
                "biomarker",
                "assessed_biomarker_entity_id",
                "assessed_entity_type",
                "assessed_biomarker_entity.recommended_name"
            ]
        },
        {
            "table_id": "citation",
            "table_stats": [
                {
                    "field": "total",
                    "count": 1
                }
            ],
            "sort_fields": [
                "title",
                "journal",
                "authors",
                "date"
            ]
        }
    ]
}